Merge branch 'main-dev'

Stupid git why tf is it not on a branch

.gitignore

@@ -4,3 +4,6 @@ cmake-build-debug/
 /cmake-build-release/
 ./cmake-build-release/
 cmake-build-release/
+cmake-build-relwithdebinfo/
+cmake-build-reldebug-asan/
+./cmake-build-relwithdebinfo/

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
-project(BLT VERSION 0.6.0)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
+project(BLT VERSION 0.8.1)
 
-set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
 
+option(ENABLE_ADDRSAN "Enable the address sanitizer" OFF)
+option(ENABLE_UBSAN "Enable the ub sanitizer" OFF)
+option(ENABLE_TSAN "Enable the thread data race sanitizer" OFF)
 option(BUILD_STD "Build the BLT standard utilities." ON)
 option(BUILD_PROFILING "Build the BLT profiler extension" ON)
 option(BUILD_NBT "Build the BLT NBT + eNBT extension" ON)
+option(BUILD_PARSE "Build the BLT parsers" ON)
 option(BUILD_TESTS "Build the BLT test set" OFF)
 option(BLT_DISABLE_LOGGING "Disable blt::logging (all macros and will safely disable logging function!)" OFF)
 option(BLT_DISABLE_TRACE "Disable blt::logging BLT_TRACE macro" OFF)
@@ -35,6 +39,17 @@ else()
     set(NBT_FILES "")
 endif()
 
+if(${BUILD_PARSE})
+    file(GLOB_RECURSE PARSE_FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/blt/parse/*.cpp")
+else()
+    set(PARSE_FILES "")
+endif()
+
+if(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/libraries/parallel-hashmap)
+    message("Found Parallel Hashmaps")
+    include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/libraries/parallel-hashmap)
+endif()
+
 #include zlib if the user has it.
 find_package(ZLIB QUIET)
 
@@ -52,18 +67,22 @@ message("Profiler Files ${PROFILING_FILES}")
 message("Source: ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}")
 message("Current Source: ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
 
-add_library(BLT ${STD_FILES} ${PROFILING_FILES} ${NBT_FILES})
+add_library(BLT ${STD_FILES} ${PROFILING_FILES} ${NBT_FILES} ${PARSE_FILES})
 
 target_include_directories(BLT PUBLIC include/)
 target_include_directories(BLT PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/config/)
 if(${ZLIB_FOUND})
      target_link_libraries(BLT PUBLIC ZLIB::ZLIB)
 endif()
+if(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/libraries/parallel-hashmap)
+    message("Including phmap")
+    target_include_directories(BLT PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/libraries/parallel-hashmap)
+endif()
 
 if(MSVC)
     #target_compile_options(BLT PRIVATE /W4)
 else()
-    # perhaps we should warn on usused variables, but BLT will have lots of them.
+    # perhaps we should warn on unused variables, but BLT will have lots of them.
     target_compile_options(BLT PRIVATE -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic)
 endif()
 
@@ -72,11 +91,6 @@ message("BLT ${CMAKE_PROJECT_VERSION} Successfully included!")
 if(${BUILD_TESTS})
     project(BLT_TESTS)
 
-    if(${CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE} MATCHES Debug AND LINUX)
-        add_compile_options(-fsanitize=address)
-        add_link_options(-fsanitize=address)
-    endif()
-
     file(GLOB_RECURSE TESTS_FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/tests/*.cpp")
 
     add_executable(BLT_TESTS ${TESTS_FILES})
@@ -92,5 +106,20 @@ if(${BUILD_TESTS})
         target_compile_options(BLT_TESTS PRIVATE -Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic)
     endif()
 
+    if (${ENABLE_ADDRSAN} MATCHES ON)
+        target_compile_options(BLT_TESTS PRIVATE -fsanitize=address)
+        target_link_options(BLT_TESTS PRIVATE -fsanitize=address)
+    endif ()
+
+    if (${ENABLE_UBSAN} MATCHES ON)
+        target_compile_options(BLT_TESTS PRIVATE -fsanitize=undefined)
+        target_link_options(BLT_TESTS PRIVATE -fsanitize=undefined)
+    endif ()
+
+    if (${ENABLE_TSAN} MATCHES ON)
+        target_compile_options(BLT_TESTS PRIVATE -fsanitize=thread)
+        target_link_options(BLT_TESTS PRIVATE -fsanitize=thread)
+    endif ()
+
     message("BLT tests included!")
 endif()

README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-# **BLT v0.6.0a**
-A common utilities library I find useful
+# **BLT v0.8.0a**
+A C++20 common utilities library to make thing easy! 
 
 ![Icon](icon_large.png)
 
@@ -26,11 +26,10 @@ If you are using BLT as a CMake library (as you should!) this is done for you.
 - ## Data Structures
   - Queue / Stack 
     - faster than std::queue / std::stack
-  - Binary Tree
-  - Hashmap (TODO)
+    - backed by a contiguous array
 - ## Utility
-  - Simple Random Interface
-    - No more worrying about min/max bounds!
+  - Simple Random Wrapper Interface
+  - Simple random functions based on the PCG Hash
   - ### String Functions
     - starts_with
     - ends_with
@@ -40,14 +39,12 @@ If you are using BLT as a CMake library (as you should!) this is done for you.
     - split
     - trim
   - Logging
-    - Trace / Debug / Info / Warn / Error / Fatal
-    - Log to file
-    - Log to console with color!
-    - Easy to disable for release
-      - define BLT_DISABLE_LOGGING before including the logging.h file.
+    - See blt::logging section above
   - Time
     - Current time in nanoseconds (without all the c++ gobbledygook)
+      - Java's currentTimeMilliseconds
+      - nanoTime as well
+      - `std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count()` becomes `blt::system::nanoTime()`
     - Formatted time string with year/month/date + current time
 - ## Profiling
-  - Basic profiler
-    - WIP
+  - Basic profiler with history and formatted output

include/blt/math/math.h

@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ namespace blt {
         seed = (seed << 13) ^ seed;
         return ((seed * (seed * seed * 15731 + 789221) + 1376312589) & 0x7fffffff);
     }
-    
+
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wstrict-aliasing"
     /**
      * fast inverse sqrt
      */
@@ -35,6 +37,28 @@ namespace blt {
         y = y * (1.5f - (x * y * y));
         return y;
     }
+
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+    
+    
+    static inline constexpr double pow(int b, int p) {
+        int collection = 1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < p; i++)
+            collection *= b;
+        return collection;
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * This is a fast rounding function and is not guaranteed to be 100% correct
+     * @tparam decimal_places
+     * @param value
+     * @return
+     */
+    template<int decimal_places>
+    static inline double round_up(double value) {
+        constexpr double multiplier = pow(10, decimal_places);
+        return ((int)(value * multiplier) + 1) / multiplier;
+    }
     
     /*inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const mat4x4& v) {
         return out << "\rMatrix4x4{" << v.m00() << ", " << v.m01() << ", " << v.m02() << ", " << v.m03() << "} \n"\

include/blt/nbt/nbt.h

@@ -7,53 +7,460 @@
 #ifndef BLT_TESTS_NBT_H
 #define BLT_TESTS_NBT_H
 
+#include <utility>
+#include <bit>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
 #include "blt/std/format.h"
 #include "blt/std/filesystem.h"
+#include "blt/std/logging.h"
+
+#include <blt/std/hashmap.h>
 
 namespace blt::nbt {
-    void writeUTF8String(std::fstream& stream, const std::string& str);
     
-    std::string readUTF8String(std::fstream& stream);
+    void writeUTF8String(blt::fs::block_writer& stream, const std::string& str);
     
-    enum nbt_type {
-        tag_end = 0,
-        tag_byte = 1,
-        tag_short = 2,
-        tag_int = 3,
-        tag_long = 4,
-        tag_float = 5,
-        tag_double = 6,
-        tag_byte_array = 7,
-        tag_string = 8,
-        tag_list = 9,
-        tag_compound = 10,
-        tag_int_array = 11,
-        tag_long_array = 12
-    };
+    std::string readUTF8String(blt::fs::block_reader& stream);
     
-    class nbt_tag {
-        public:
-            virtual void readTag() = 0;
-            virtual void writeTag() = 0;
-    };
-    
-    class NBTDecoder {
-        private:
-            blt::fs::block_reader* m_reader;
-        public:
-            explicit NBTDecoder(blt::fs::block_reader* reader): m_reader(reader) {}
+    // Used to grab the byte-data of any T element. Defaults to Big Endian, however can be configured to use little endian
+    template <typename T>
+    inline static int toBytes(const T& in, char* out) {
+        std::memcpy(out, (void*) &in, sizeof(T));
         
+        if constexpr (std::endian::native == std::endian::little) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(T) / 2; i++)
+                std::swap(out[i], out[sizeof(T) - 1 - i]);
+        }
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    // Used to cast the binary data of any T object, into a T object.
+    template <typename T>
+    inline static int fromBytes(const char* in, T* out) {
+        memcpy(out, in, sizeof(T));
+        
+        if constexpr (std::endian::native == std::endian::little) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(T) / 2; i++)
+                std::swap(((char*) (out))[i], ((char*) (out))[sizeof(T) - 1 - i]);
+        }
+        
+        return 0;
+    }
+    
+    template<typename T>
+    inline static void writeData(blt::fs::block_writer& out, const T& d){
+        char data[sizeof(T)];
+        toBytes(d, data);
+        out.write(data, sizeof(T));
+    }
+    
+    template<typename T>
+    inline static void readData(blt::fs::block_reader& in, T& d) {
+        char data[sizeof(T)];
+        in.read(data, sizeof(T));
+        fromBytes(data, &d);
+    }
+    
+    enum class nbt_tag : char {
+        END = 0,
+        BYTE = 1,
+        SHORT = 2,
+        INT = 3,
+        LONG = 4,
+        FLOAT = 5,
+        DOUBLE = 6,
+        BYTE_ARRAY = 7,
+        STRING = 8,
+        LIST = 9,
+        COMPOUND = 10,
+        INT_ARRAY = 11,
+        LONG_ARRAY = 12
     };
     
-    /**
-     * Reads the entire NBT file when the read() function is called.
-     */
+    class tag_t {
+        protected:
+            nbt_tag type;
+            std::string name;
+        public:
+            explicit tag_t(nbt_tag type): type(type) {};
+            explicit tag_t(nbt_tag type, std::string name): type(type), name(std::move(name)) {}
+            virtual void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) = 0;
+            virtual void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) = 0;
+            void writeName(blt::fs::block_writer& out) {
+                writeUTF8String(out, name);
+            }
+            void readName(blt::fs::block_reader& in) {
+                name = readUTF8String(in);
+            }
+            [[nodiscard]] inline nbt_tag getType() const {
+                return type;
+            }
+            [[nodiscard]] inline const std::string& getName() const {
+                return name;
+            }
+            virtual ~tag_t() = default;
+    };
+    
+    template<typename T>
+    class tag : public tag_t {
+        protected:
+            T t;
+        public:
+            explicit tag(nbt_tag type): tag_t(type) {}
+            tag(nbt_tag type, std::string name, T t): tag_t(type, std::move(name)), t(std::move(t)) {}
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) override {
+                if constexpr(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value)
+                    writeData(out, t);
+            }
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) override {
+                if constexpr(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value)
+                    readData(in, t);
+            }
+            [[nodiscard]] inline const T& get() const {return t;}
+            inline T& get() {return t;}
+            ~tag() override = default;
+    };
+    
+    class tag_end : public tag<char> {
+        public:
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer&) final {}
+            // nothing to read
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader&) final {}
+    };
+    
+    class tag_byte : public tag<int8_t> {
+        public:
+            tag_byte(): tag(nbt_tag::BYTE) {}
+            tag_byte(const std::string& name, int8_t b): tag(nbt_tag::BYTE, name, b) {}
+    };
+    
+    class tag_short : public tag<int16_t> {
+        public:
+            tag_short(): tag(nbt_tag::SHORT) {}
+            tag_short(const std::string& name, int16_t s): tag(nbt_tag::SHORT, name, s) {}
+    };
+    
+    class tag_int : public tag<int32_t> {
+        public:
+            tag_int(): tag(nbt_tag::INT) {}
+            tag_int(const std::string& name, int32_t i): tag(nbt_tag::INT, name, i) {}
+    };
+    
+    class tag_long : public tag<int64_t> {
+        public:
+            tag_long(): tag(nbt_tag::LONG) {}
+            tag_long(const std::string& name, int64_t l): tag(nbt_tag::LONG, name, l) {}
+    };
+    
+    class tag_float : public tag<float> {
+        public:
+            tag_float(): tag(nbt_tag::FLOAT) {}
+            tag_float(const std::string& name, float f): tag(nbt_tag::FLOAT, name, f) {}
+    };
+    
+    class tag_double : public tag<double> {
+        public:
+            tag_double(): tag(nbt_tag::DOUBLE) {}
+            tag_double(const std::string& name, double d): tag(nbt_tag::DOUBLE, name, d) {}
+    };
+    
+    class tag_byte_array : public tag<std::vector<int8_t>> {
+        public:
+            tag_byte_array(): tag(nbt_tag::BYTE_ARRAY) {}
+            tag_byte_array(const std::string& name, const std::vector<int8_t>& v): tag(nbt_tag::BYTE_ARRAY, name, v) {}
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) final {
+                auto length = (int32_t) t.size();
+                writeData(out, length);
+                // TODO on the writer (remove need for cast + more std::fstream functions)
+                out.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(t.data()), length);
+            }
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) final {
+                int32_t length;
+                readData(in, length);
+                t.reserve(length);
+                in.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(t.data()), length);
+            }
+    };
+    
+    class tag_string : public tag<std::string> {
+        public:
+            tag_string(): tag(nbt_tag::STRING) {}
+            tag_string(const std::string& name, const std::string& s): tag(nbt_tag::STRING, name, s) {}
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) final {
+                writeUTF8String(out, t);
+            }
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) final {
+                t = readUTF8String(in);
+            }
+    };
+    
+    class tag_int_array : public tag<std::vector<int32_t>> {
+        public:
+            tag_int_array(): tag(nbt_tag::INT_ARRAY) {}
+            tag_int_array(const std::string& name, const std::vector<int32_t>& v): tag(nbt_tag::INT_ARRAY, name, v) {}
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) final {
+                auto length = (int32_t) t.size();
+                writeData(out, length);
+                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+                    writeData(out, t[i]);
+            }
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) final {
+                int32_t length;
+                readData(in, length);
+                t.reserve(length);
+                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+                    readData(in, t[i]);
+            }
+    };
+    
+    class tag_long_array : public tag<std::vector<int64_t>> {
+        public:
+            tag_long_array(): tag(nbt_tag::LONG_ARRAY) {}
+            tag_long_array(const std::string& name, const std::vector<int64_t>& v): tag(nbt_tag::LONG_ARRAY, name, v) {}
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) final {
+                auto length = (int32_t) t.size();
+                writeData(out, length);
+                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+                    writeData(out, t[i]);
+            }
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) final {
+                int32_t length;
+                readData(in, length);
+                t.reserve(length);
+                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
+                    readData(in, t[i]);
+            }
+    };
+    
+#define BLT_NBT_POPULATE_VEC(type, vec, length) for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) vec.push_back(type);
+    
+    namespace _internal_ {
+        // EVIL HACK
+        static tag_t* newCompound();
+        static tag_t* newList();
+        static tag_t* toType(char id){
+            switch ((nbt_tag) id) {
+                case nbt_tag::END:
+                    return nullptr;
+                    break;
+                case nbt_tag::BYTE:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_byte;
+                case nbt_tag::SHORT:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_short;
+                case nbt_tag::INT:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_int;
+                case nbt_tag::LONG:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_long;
+                case nbt_tag::FLOAT:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_float;
+                case nbt_tag::DOUBLE:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_double;
+                case nbt_tag::BYTE_ARRAY:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_byte_array;
+                case nbt_tag::STRING:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_string;
+                case nbt_tag::LIST:
+                    return _internal_::newList();
+                case nbt_tag::COMPOUND:
+                    return _internal_::newCompound();
+                case nbt_tag::INT_ARRAY:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_int_array;
+                case nbt_tag::LONG_ARRAY:
+                    return new blt::nbt::tag_long_array;
+            }
+            BLT_WARN("Tag Type not found!");
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        static HASHMAP<std::string, tag_t*> toHashmap(const std::vector<tag_t*>& v){
+            HASHMAP<std::string, tag_t*> tags;
+            for (const auto& t : v)
+                tags[t->getName()] = t;
+            return tags;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    class tag_list : public tag<std::vector<tag_t*>> {
+        public:
+            tag_list(): tag(nbt_tag::LIST) {}
+            tag_list(const std::string& name, const std::vector<tag_t*>& v): tag(nbt_tag::LIST, name, v) {}
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) final {
+                if (t.empty())
+                    writeData(out, (char)nbt_tag::END);
+                else
+                    writeData(out, (char)t[0]->getType());
+                auto length = (int32_t) t.size();
+                writeData(out, length);
+                for (const auto& v : t)
+                    v->writePayload(out);
+            }
+            
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) final {
+                char id;
+                int32_t length;
+                readData(in, id);
+                readData(in, length);
+                if (length == 0 || id == 0)
+                    return;
+                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+                    auto v = _internal_::toType(id);
+                    v->readPayload(in);
+                    t.push_back(v);
+                }
+            }
+            
+            inline void put(tag_t* tag) {
+                t.push_back(tag);
+            }
+            
+            inline tag_t*& operator[](size_t i){
+                return t[i];
+            }
+            
+            template<typename T>
+            [[nodiscard]] T* getTag(size_t i){
+                if constexpr (!std::is_base_of<tag_t, T>::value) {
+                    static_assert("WARNING: provided type isn't of type tag. Cannot cast expression!");
+                    BLT_WARN("You have requested an invalid type. Please use types of tag_t when using getTag");
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                auto& tag = t[i];
+                T t;
+                if (tag->getType() != t.getType()) {
+                    BLT_WARN("Expected tag of type %d but got tag of type %d", (char)t.getType(), (char)tag->getType());
+                    throw std::runtime_error("Requested Tag does not match stored type!");
+                }
+                return dynamic_cast<T*>(tag);
+            }
+            
+            [[nodiscard]] inline size_t size() const {
+                return t.size();
+            }
+            
+            ~tag_list() override {
+                for (auto* p : t)
+                    delete p;
+            }
+    };
+    
+    class tag_compound : public tag<HASHMAP<std::string, tag_t*>> {
+        public:
+            tag_compound(): tag(nbt_tag::COMPOUND) {}
+            tag_compound(const std::string& name, const std::vector<tag_t*>& v): tag(nbt_tag::COMPOUND, name, _internal_::toHashmap(v)) {}
+            tag_compound(const std::string& name, const std::initializer_list<tag_t*>& v): tag(nbt_tag::COMPOUND, name, _internal_::toHashmap(v)) {}
+            tag_compound(const std::string& name, const HASHMAP<std::string, tag_t*>& v): tag(nbt_tag::COMPOUND, name, v) {}
+            
+            inline void put(tag_t* tag) {
+                t[tag->getName()] = tag;
+            }
+            
+            template<typename T>
+            [[nodiscard]] T* getTag(const std::string& name){
+                if constexpr (!std::is_base_of<tag_t, T>::value) {
+                    static_assert("WARNING: provided type isn't of type tag. Cannot cast expression!");
+                    BLT_WARN("You have requested an invalid type. Please use types of tag_t when using getTag");
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                auto& tag = t[name];
+                T t;
+                if (tag->getType() != t.getType()) {
+                    BLT_WARN("Expected tag of type %d but got tag of type %d", (char)t.getType(), (char)tag->getType());
+                    throw std::runtime_error("Requested Tag does not match stored type!");
+                }
+                return dynamic_cast<T*>(tag);
+            }
+            
+            inline tag_t*& operator[](const std::string& name){
+                return t[name];
+            }
+            
+            inline void operator()(tag_t* tag){
+                t[tag->getName()] = tag;
+            }
+            
+            void writePayload(blt::fs::block_writer& out) final {
+                for (const auto& v : t){
+                    auto tag = v.second;
+                    out.put((char) tag->getType());
+                    tag->writeName(out);
+                    tag->writePayload(out);
+                }
+                out.put('\0');
+            }
+            void readPayload(blt::fs::block_reader& in) final {
+                char type;
+                while ((type = in.get()) != (char)nbt_tag::END){
+                    auto* v = _internal_::toType(type);
+                    v->readName(in);
+                    v->readPayload(in);
+                    t[v->getName()] = v;
+                }
+            }
+            ~tag_compound() override {
+                for (auto& v : t)
+                    delete v.second;
+            }
+    };
+    
+    static tag_t* _internal_::newCompound(){
+        return new blt::nbt::tag_compound;
+    }
+    
+    static tag_t* _internal_::newList() {
+        return new blt::nbt::tag_list;
+    }
+    
     class NBTReader {
         private:
-            std::string m_file;
-        
+            blt::fs::block_reader& reader;
+            tag_compound* root = nullptr;
         public:
-            explicit NBTReader(std::string file): m_file(std::move(file)) {}
+            explicit NBTReader(blt::fs::block_reader& reader): reader(reader) {}
+            
+            void read();
+            
+            template<typename T>
+            [[nodiscard]] T* getTag(const std::string& name){
+                if constexpr (!std::is_base_of<tag_t, T>::value) {
+                    static_assert("WARNING: provided type isn't of type tag. Cannot cast expression!");
+                    BLT_WARN("You have requested an invalid type. Please use types of tag_t when using getTag");
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                auto& tag = root->get()[name];
+                T t;
+                if (tag->getType() != t.getType()) {
+                    BLT_WARN("Expected tag of type %d but got tag of type %d", (char)t.getType(), (char)tag->getType());
+                    throw std::runtime_error("Requested Tag does not match stored type!");
+                }
+                return dynamic_cast<T*>(tag);
+            }
+            ~NBTReader() {
+                delete root;
+            }
+    };
+    
+    class NBTWriter {
+        private:
+            blt::fs::block_writer& writer;
+        public:
+            explicit NBTWriter(blt::fs::block_writer& writer): writer(writer) {}
+            /**
+             * Write a compound tag and then DELETES the tag. If you don't wish for the memory to be freed, please use the reference version!
+             * @param root root NBT tag to write, this function assumes ownership of this pointer.
+             */
+            void write(tag_compound* root){
+                write(*root);
+                delete root;
+            }
+            void write(tag_compound& root){
+                writer.put((char)nbt_tag::COMPOUND);
+                root.writeName(writer);
+                root.writePayload(writer);
+            }
+            ~NBTWriter() = default;
     };
     
 }

include/blt/parse/argparse.h

@@ -0,0 +1,382 @@
+/*
+ * Created by Brett on 06/08/23.
+ * Licensed under GNU General Public License V3.0
+ * See LICENSE file for license detail
+ */
+
+#ifndef BLT_TESTS_ARGPARSE_H
+#define BLT_TESTS_ARGPARSE_H
+
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <optional>
+#include <blt/std/hashmap.h>
+#include <variant>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace blt
+{
+    typedef std::variant<std::string, bool, int32_t> arg_data_internal_t;
+    typedef std::vector<arg_data_internal_t> arg_data_vec_t;
+    typedef std::variant<arg_data_internal_t, arg_data_vec_t> arg_data_t;
+    
+    enum class arg_action_t
+    {
+        STORE,
+        STORE_CONST,
+        STORE_TRUE,
+        STORE_FALSE,
+        APPEND,
+        APPEND_CONST,
+        COUNT,
+        HELP,
+        VERSION,
+        EXTEND
+    };
+    
+    class arg_vector_t
+    {
+            friend class arg_parse;
+        
+        private:
+            std::vector<std::string> flags;
+            std::string name;
+            
+            void validateFlags();
+        
+        public:
+            arg_vector_t(std::vector<std::string> flags): flags(std::move(flags))
+            {
+                validateFlags();
+            }
+            
+            arg_vector_t(std::initializer_list<std::string> flags): flags(flags)
+            {
+                validateFlags();
+            }
+            
+            arg_vector_t(const char* str);
+            
+            arg_vector_t(const std::string& str);
+            
+            [[nodiscard]] inline bool isFlag() const
+            {
+                return !flags.empty();
+            }
+            
+            [[nodiscard]] inline bool contains(const std::string& str)
+            {
+                return std::any_of(
+                        flags.begin(), flags.end(), [&str](const std::string& flag) -> bool {
+                            return flag == str;
+                        }
+                ) || str == name;
+            }
+            
+            // returns the first flag that starts with '--' otherwise return the first '-' flag
+            [[nodiscard]] std::string getFirstFullFlag();
+    };
+    
+    class arg_nargs_t
+    {
+            friend class arg_parse;
+        
+        private:
+            static constexpr int UNKNOWN = 0x1;
+            static constexpr int ALL = 0x2;
+            static constexpr int ALL_REQUIRED = 0x4;
+            // 0 means ignore
+            int args = 1;
+            // 0 indicates args is used
+            int flags = 0;
+            
+            void decode(char c);
+        
+        public:
+            arg_nargs_t() = default;
+            
+            arg_nargs_t(int args): args(args)
+            {}
+            
+            arg_nargs_t(char c);
+            
+            arg_nargs_t(std::string s);
+            
+            arg_nargs_t(const char* s);
+            
+            [[nodiscard]] bool takesArgs() const
+            {
+                return args > 0 || flags > 0;
+            }
+    };
+    
+    struct arg_properties_t
+    {
+        private:
+        public:
+            arg_vector_t a_flags;
+            arg_action_t a_action = arg_action_t::STORE;
+            arg_nargs_t a_nargs = 1;
+            std::string a_const{};
+            arg_data_internal_t a_default{};
+            std::string a_dest{};
+            std::string a_help{};
+            std::string a_version{};
+            std::string a_metavar{};
+            bool a_required = true;
+    };
+    
+    class arg_builder
+    {
+            arg_properties_t properties;
+        public:
+            arg_builder(const arg_vector_t& flags): properties(flags)
+            {}
+            
+            inline arg_properties_t build()
+            {
+                return properties;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setAction(arg_action_t action)
+            {
+                properties.a_action = action;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setNArgs(const arg_nargs_t& nargs)
+            {
+                properties.a_nargs = nargs;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setConst(const std::string& a_const)
+            {
+                properties.a_const = a_const;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setDefault(const arg_data_internal_t& def)
+            {
+                properties.a_default = def;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setDest(const std::string& dest)
+            {
+                properties.a_dest = dest;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setHelp(const std::string& help)
+            {
+                properties.a_help = help;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setVersion(const std::string& version)
+            {
+                properties.a_version = version;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setMetavar(const std::string& metavar)
+            {
+                properties.a_metavar = metavar;
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline arg_builder& setRequired()
+            {
+                properties.a_required = true;
+                return *this;
+            }
+        
+    };
+    
+    class arg_tokenizer
+    {
+        private:
+            std::vector<std::string> args;
+            size_t currentIndex = 0;
+        public:
+            arg_tokenizer(std::vector<std::string> args): args(std::move(args))
+            {}
+            
+            // returns the current arg
+            inline const std::string& get()
+            {
+                return args[currentIndex];
+            }
+            
+            // returns if we have next arg to process
+            inline bool hasNext()
+            {
+                return currentIndex + 1 < args.size();
+            }
+            
+            inline bool hasCurrent()
+            {
+                return currentIndex < args.size();
+            }
+            
+            // returns true if the current arg is a flag
+            inline bool isFlag()
+            {
+                return args[currentIndex].starts_with('-');
+            }
+            
+            // returns true if we have next and the next arg is a flag
+            inline bool isNextFlag()
+            {
+                return hasNext() && args[currentIndex + 1].starts_with('-');
+            }
+            
+            // advances to the next flag
+            inline size_t advance()
+            {
+                return currentIndex++;
+            }
+    };
+    
+    class arg_parse
+    {
+        private:
+            struct
+            {
+                    friend arg_parse;
+                private:
+                    std::vector<arg_properties_t*> arg_properties_storage;
+                    size_t max_line_length = 80;
+                    // TODO: grouping like git's help
+                    // pre/postfix applied to the help message
+                    std::string prefix;
+                    std::string postfix;
+                public:
+                    std::vector<arg_properties_t*> name_associations;
+                    HASHMAP<std::string, arg_properties_t*> flag_associations;
+            } user_args;
+            
+            struct arg_results
+            {
+                    friend arg_parse;
+                private:
+                    // stores dest value not the flag/name!
+                    HASHSET<std::string> found_args;
+                    std::vector<std::string> unrecognized_args;
+                public:
+                    std::string program_name;
+                    HASHMAP<std::string, arg_data_t> data;
+                    
+                    inline arg_data_t& operator[](const std::string& key)
+                    {
+                        return data[key];
+                    }
+                    
+                    inline auto begin()
+                    {
+                        return data.begin();
+                    }
+                    
+                    inline auto end()
+                    {
+                        return data.end();
+                    }
+                    
+                    inline bool contains(const std::string& key)
+                    {
+                        return data.find(key) != data.end();
+                    }
+            } loaded_args;
+        
+        private:
+            static std::string filename(const std::string& path);
+            static std::string getMetavar(const arg_properties_t* const& arg);
+            static std::string getFlagHelp(const arg_properties_t* const& arg);
+            
+            static bool takesArgs(const arg_properties_t* const& arg);
+            
+            /**
+             * prints out a new line if current line length is greater than max line length, using spacing to generate the next line's
+             * beginning spaces.
+             */
+            void checkAndPrintFormattingLine(size_t& current_line_length, size_t spacing) const;
+            
+            // expects that the current flag has already been consumed (advanced past), leaves tokenizer in a state where the next element is 'current'
+            bool consumeArguments(
+                    arg_tokenizer& tokenizer, const std::string& flag, const arg_properties_t& properties, std::vector<arg_data_internal_t>& v_out
+            ) const;
+            
+            void handlePositionalArgument(arg_tokenizer& tokenizer, size_t& last_pos);
+            
+            void handleFlagArgument(arg_tokenizer& tokenizer);
+            
+            void processFlag(arg_tokenizer& tokenizer, const std::string& flag);
+            
+        public:
+            
+            template<typename T>
+            static inline bool holds_alternative(const arg_data_t& v)
+            {
+                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, arg_data_vec_t>)
+                    return std::holds_alternative<T>(v);
+                else
+                    return std::holds_alternative<arg_data_internal_t>(v) && std::holds_alternative<T>(std::get<arg_data_internal_t>(v));
+            }
+            
+            template<typename T>
+            static inline T& get(arg_data_t& v)
+            {
+                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, arg_data_vec_t>)
+                    return std::get<arg_data_vec_t>(v);
+                else
+                    return std::get<T>(std::get<arg_data_internal_t>(v));
+            }
+        
+        public:
+            arg_parse(const std::string& helpMessage = "show this help menu and exit")
+            {
+                addArgument(arg_builder({"--help", "-h"}).setAction(arg_action_t::HELP).setHelp(helpMessage).build());
+            };
+            
+            void addArgument(const arg_properties_t& args);
+            
+            arg_results parse_args(int argc, const char** argv);
+            
+            arg_results parse_args(const std::vector<std::string>& args);
+            
+            void printUsage() const;
+            
+            void printHelp() const;
+            
+            inline void setHelpPrefix(const std::string& str)
+            {
+                user_args.prefix = str;
+            }
+            
+            inline void setHelpPostfix(const std::string& str)
+            {
+                user_args.postfix = str;
+            }
+            
+            inline void setMaxLineLength(size_t size)
+            {
+                user_args.max_line_length = size;
+            }
+            
+            ~arg_parse()
+            {
+                for (auto* p : user_args.arg_properties_storage)
+                    delete p;
+            }
+    };
+    
+    std::string to_string(const blt::arg_data_t& v);
+    
+    std::string to_string(const blt::arg_data_internal_t& v);
+    
+}
+
+#endif //BLT_TESTS_ARGPARSE_H

include/blt/std/filesystem.h

@@ -34,6 +34,11 @@ namespace blt::fs {
              * @return status code. non-zero return codes indicates a failure has occurred.
              */
             virtual int read(char* buffer, size_t bytes) = 0;
+            virtual char get(){
+                char c[1];
+                read(c, 1);
+                return c[0];
+            }
     };
     
     /**
@@ -52,6 +57,11 @@ namespace blt::fs {
              * @return non-zero code if failure
              */
             virtual int write(char* buffer, size_t bytes) = 0;
+            virtual int put(char c){
+                char a[1];
+                a[0] = c;
+                return write(a, 1);
+            }
             
             /**
              * Ensures that the internal buffer is written to the filesystem.
@@ -65,11 +75,10 @@ namespace blt::fs {
     class fstream_block_reader : public block_reader {
         private:
             std::fstream& m_stream;
-            char* m_buffer;
+            char* m_buffer = nullptr;
             size_t readIndex = 0;
         public:
-            explicit fstream_block_reader(std::fstream& stream, size_t bufferSize):
-                    block_reader(bufferSize), m_stream(stream), m_buffer(new char[bufferSize]) {}
+            explicit fstream_block_reader(std::fstream& stream, size_t bufferSize = 131072);
             
             explicit fstream_block_reader(fstream_block_reader& copy) = delete;
             
@@ -91,8 +100,9 @@ namespace blt::fs {
             std::fstream& m_stream;
             char* m_buffer;
             size_t writeIndex = 0;
+            void flush_internal();
         public:
-            explicit fstream_block_writer(std::fstream& stream, size_t bufferSize):
+            explicit fstream_block_writer(std::fstream& stream, size_t bufferSize = 131072):
                     block_writer(bufferSize), m_stream(stream), m_buffer(new char[bufferSize]) {}
             
             explicit fstream_block_writer(fstream_block_writer& copy) = delete;
@@ -104,9 +114,12 @@ namespace blt::fs {
             fstream_block_writer& operator=(const fstream_block_writer&& move) = delete;
             
             int write(char* buffer, size_t bytes) override;
-            void flush() override;
+            inline void flush() override {
+                flush_internal();
+            }
             
             ~fstream_block_writer() {
+                flush_internal();
                 delete[] m_buffer;
             }
     };

include/blt/std/format.h

@@ -10,27 +10,9 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
+#include <blt/math/math.h>
 
 namespace blt::string {
-    static inline constexpr double _static_pow(int p) {
-        int collection = 1;
-        for (int i = 0; i < p; i++)
-            collection *= 10;
-        return collection;
-    }
-    
-    /**
-     * This is a fast rounding function and is not guaranteed to be 100% correct
-     * @tparam decimal_places
-     * @param value
-     * @return
-     */
-    template<int decimal_places>
-    static inline double round_up(double value) {
-        constexpr double multiplier = _static_pow(decimal_places);
-        return ((int)(value * multiplier) + 1) / multiplier;
-    }
-    
     
     static inline std::string fromBytes(unsigned long bytes){
         if (bytes > 1073741824) {
@@ -87,8 +69,7 @@ namespace blt::string {
     
     // taken from java, adapted for c++.
     static inline utf8_string createUTFString(const std::string& str) {
-        
-        const unsigned int strlen = (unsigned int) str.size();
+        const auto strlen = (unsigned int) str.size();
         unsigned int utflen = strlen;
         
         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < strlen; i++) {
@@ -105,8 +86,8 @@ namespace blt::string {
         chars.characters = new char[chars.size];
         
         int count = 0;
-        chars.characters[count++] = (char) ((utflen >> 0) & 0xFF);
         chars.characters[count++] = (char) ((utflen >> 8) & 0xFF);
+        chars.characters[count++] = (char) ((utflen >> 0) & 0xFF);
         
         unsigned int i = 0;
         for (i = 0; i < strlen; i++) { // optimized for initial run of ASCII

include/blt/std/hash_map.h

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Created by Brett on 31/03/23.
- * Licensed under GNU General Public License V3.0
- * See LICENSE file for license detail
- */
-
-#ifndef BLT_HASH_MAP_H
-#define BLT_HASH_MAP_H
-
-
-#endif //BLT_HASH_MAP_H

include/blt/std/hashmap.h

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Created by Brett on 31/03/23.
+ * Licensed under GNU General Public License V3.0
+ * See LICENSE file for license detail
+ */
+
+#ifndef BLT_HASH_MAP_H
+#define BLT_HASH_MAP_H
+
+#ifndef HASHMAP
+    #if defined __has_include && __has_include(<parallel_hashmap/phmap.h>)
+        
+        #include <parallel_hashmap/phmap.h>
+        #include <parallel_hashmap/phmap_fwd_decl.h>
+
+template<class K, class V,
+        class Hash  = phmap::priv::hash_default_hash<K>,
+        class Eq    = phmap::priv::hash_default_eq<K>,
+        class Alloc = phmap::priv::Allocator<phmap::priv::Pair<const K, V>>>
+using HASHMAP = phmap::flat_hash_map<K, V, Hash, Eq, Alloc>;
+template<class T,
+        class Hash  = phmap::priv::hash_default_hash<T>,
+        class Eq    = phmap::priv::hash_default_eq<T>,
+        class Alloc = phmap::priv::Allocator<T>>
+using HASHSET = phmap::flat_hash_set<T, Hash, Eq, Alloc>;
+    #else
+        
+        #include <unordered_map>
+        #include <unordered_set>
+
+template<typename K, typename V,
+        typename Hash = std::hash<K>,
+        typename Eq = std::equal_to<K>,
+        typename Alloc = std::allocator<std::pair<const K, V>>>
+using HASHMAP = std::unordered_map<K, V, Hash, Eq, Alloc>;
+
+template<typename K,
+        typename Hash = std::hash<K>,
+        typename Eq = std::equal_to<K>,
+        typename Alloc = std::allocator<K>>
+using HASHSET = std::unordered_set<K, Hash, Eq, Alloc>;
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+#endif //BLT_HASH_MAP_H

include/blt/std/logging.h

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ namespace blt::logging {
         // this is not thread safe!
         bool ensureAlignment = false;
         // should we log to file?
-        bool logToFile = true;
+        bool logToFile = false;
         // should we log to console?
         bool logToConsole = true;
         // where should we log? (empty for current binary directory) should end in a / if not empty!
@@ -178,13 +178,14 @@ namespace blt::logging {
             size_t size;
             
             [[nodiscard]] static inline size_t hash(const tag& t) {
-                size_t h = t.tag[0]+ t.tag[1] * 3;
-                return h;
+                size_t h = t.tag[1] * 3 - t.tag[0];
+                return h - 100;
             }
             
-            inline void expand(){
+            // TODO: fix
+            void expand() {
                 auto newSize = size * 2;
-                tag* newTags = new tag[newSize];
+                auto newTags = new tag[newSize];
                 for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
                     newTags[i] = tags[i];
                 delete[] tags;
@@ -193,19 +194,26 @@ namespace blt::logging {
             }
         public:
             tag_map(std::initializer_list<tag> initial_tags){
-                tags = new tag[(size = 16)];
-                for (auto& t : initial_tags)
+                size_t max = 0;
+                for (const auto& t : initial_tags)
+                    max = std::max(max, hash(t));
+                tags = new tag[(size = max+1)];
+                for (const auto& t : initial_tags)
                     insert(t);
             }
+            tag_map(const tag_map& copy) {
+                tags = new tag[(size = copy.size)];
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
+                    tags[i] = copy.tags[i];
+            }
             
-            tag_map& insert(const tag& t){
+            void insert(const tag& t) {
                 auto h = hash(t);
-                if (h > size)
-                    expand();
+                //if (h > size)
+                //    expand();
                 if (!tags[h].tag.empty())
                     std::cerr << "Tag not empty! " << tags[h].tag << "!!!\n";
                 tags[h] = t;
-                return *this;
             }
             
             tag& operator[](const std::string& name) const {
@@ -217,6 +225,7 @@ namespace blt::logging {
             
             ~tag_map(){
                 delete[] tags;
+                tags = nullptr;
             }
     };
     
@@ -290,7 +299,7 @@ namespace blt::logging {
     hashmap<std::thread::id, hashmap<blt::logging::log_level, std::string>> loggingStreamLines;
     LogFileWriter writer;
     
-    const tag_map tagMap = {
+    const std::unique_ptr<tag_map> tagMap = std::make_unique<tag_map>(tag_map{
             {"YEAR", [](const tag_func_param&) -> std::string {
                 BLT_NOW();
                 return std::to_string(now->tm_year);
@@ -374,8 +383,8 @@ namespace blt::logging {
             }},
             {"STR", [](const tag_func_param& f) -> std::string {
                 return f.formatted_string;
-            }},
-    };
+            }}
+    });
     
     static inline std::vector<std::string> split(std::string s, const std::string& delim) {
         size_t pos = 0;
@@ -489,7 +498,7 @@ namespace blt::logging {
                 tag_func_param param{
                         level, filename({file}), std::to_string(line), userStr, userStr
                 };
-                out += tagMap[tag].func(param);
+                out += (*tagMap)[tag].func(param);
             } else {
                 out += c;
                 out += nonTag;
@@ -522,6 +531,11 @@ namespace blt::logging {
         
         applyCFormatting(withoutLn, out, args);
         
+        if (level == log_level::NONE){
+            std::cout << out << std::endl;
+            return;
+        }
+        
         std::string finalFormattedOutput = applyFormatString(out, level, file, line);
         
         if (loggingFormat.logToConsole)

include/blt/std/memory.h

@@ -58,39 +58,68 @@ namespace blt {
      * Creates an encapsulation of a T array which will be automatically deleted when this object goes out of scope.
      * This is a simple buffer meant to be used only inside of a function and not moved around, with a few minor exceptions.
      * The internal buffer is allocated on the heap.
-     * The operator * has been overloaded to return the internal buffer. (or just use scoped_buffer.buffer if you wish to be explicit)
-     * The operator & was not used because I think it is stupid to do so.
-     * "*" on a reference is fine however since it isn't used to dereference in the case.
+     * The operator * has been overloaded to return the internal buffer.
      * @tparam T type that is stored in buffer eg char
      */
     template<typename T>
     struct scoped_buffer {
-        T* buffer;
-        unsigned long size;
-        
-        explicit scoped_buffer(unsigned long size): size(size) {
-            buffer = new T[size];
-        }
-        
-        scoped_buffer(scoped_buffer& copy) = delete;
-        
-        scoped_buffer(scoped_buffer&& move) = delete;
-        
-        scoped_buffer operator=(scoped_buffer& copyAssignment) = delete;
-        
-        scoped_buffer operator=(scoped_buffer&& moveAssignment) = delete;
-        
-        inline T& operator[](unsigned long index) const {
-            return buffer[index];
-        }
-        
-        inline T* operator*(){
-            return buffer;
-        }
-        
-        ~scoped_buffer() {
-            delete[] buffer;
-        }
+        private:
+            T* _buffer;
+            size_t _size;
+        public:
+            explicit scoped_buffer(size_t size): _size(size) {
+                _buffer = new T[size];
+            }
+            
+            scoped_buffer(const scoped_buffer& copy) = delete;
+            
+            scoped_buffer(scoped_buffer&& move) noexcept {
+                _buffer = move._buffer;
+                _size = move.size();
+                move._buffer = nullptr;
+            }
+            
+            scoped_buffer operator=(scoped_buffer& copyAssignment) = delete;
+            
+            scoped_buffer& operator=(scoped_buffer&& moveAssignment) noexcept {
+                _buffer = moveAssignment._buffer;
+                _size = moveAssignment.size();
+                moveAssignment._buffer = nullptr;
+                
+                return *this;
+            }
+            
+            inline T& operator[](unsigned long index) {
+                return _buffer[index];
+            }
+            
+            inline const T& operator[](unsigned long index) const {
+                return _buffer[index];
+            }
+            
+            inline T* operator*(){
+                return _buffer;
+            }
+            
+            [[nodiscard]] inline size_t size() const {
+                return _size;
+            }
+            
+            inline T* ptr(){
+                return _buffer;
+            }
+            
+            ptr_iterator<T> begin(){
+                return ptr_iterator{_buffer};
+            }
+            
+            ptr_iterator<T> end(){
+                return ptr_iterator{&_buffer[_size]};
+            }
+            
+            ~scoped_buffer() {
+                delete[] _buffer;
+            }
     };
     
     template<typename T>
@@ -168,6 +197,7 @@ namespace blt {
                 delete[] _values;
             }
     };
+    
 }
 
 #endif //BLT_TESTS_MEMORY_H

include/blt/std/random.h

@@ -9,7 +9,41 @@
 
 #include <random>
 
-namespace blt {
+namespace blt::random {
+    
+    static inline uint32_t PCG_Hash(uint32_t input) {
+        uint32_t state = input * 747796405u + 2891336453u;
+        uint32_t word = ((state >> ((state >> 28u) + 4u)) ^ state) * 277803737u;
+        return (word >> 22u) ^
+        word;
+    }
+
+    static inline float randomFloat(uint32_t& seed){
+        seed = PCG_Hash(seed);
+        return (float)seed / (float)std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return random float without changing seed
+     */
+    static inline float randomFloat_c(uint32_t seed){
+        return randomFloat(seed);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param seed seed for random
+     * @param min inclusive min
+     * @param max exclusive max
+     * @return random int between min (inclusive) and max (exclusive)
+     */
+    static inline int randomInt(uint32_t& seed, int min = 0, int max = 1){
+        return (int)((randomFloat(seed) * (float)(max - min)) + (float)min);
+    }
+
+    static inline int randomInt_c(uint32_t seed, int min = 0, int max = 1){
+        return randomInt(seed, min, max);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Creates a container class for generating random number distributions
      * @tparam T numeric type
@@ -28,17 +62,19 @@ namespace blt {
              * @param max max value possible to generate. (default: 1)
              * @param seed seed to use in generating random values. (default: 0)
              */
-            explicit random(T min = (T)0, T max = (T)1, long seed = 0): gen(std::mt19937(seed)){
+            explicit random(T min = (T) 0, T max = (T) 1, long seed = 0): gen(std::mt19937(seed)) {
                 distribution = new dist(min, max);
             }
+            
             /**
              * Note the min/max are inclusive and defaults to a **uniform** distribution.
              * @return random number between the defined min/max or the default of [0,1].
              */
-            T get(){
+            T get() {
                 return (*distribution)(gen);
             }
-            ~random(){
+            
+            ~random() {
                 delete distribution;
             }
     };
@@ -52,6 +88,7 @@ namespace blt {
             
             }
     };
+    
 }
 
 #endif //BLT_RANDOM_H

include/blt/std/string.h

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include <sstream>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
-#include <blt/std/logging.h>
 
 namespace blt::string {
     
@@ -140,6 +139,26 @@ namespace blt::string {
         return tokens;
     }
     
+    // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3418231/replace-part-of-a-string-with-another-string
+    static bool replace(std::string& str, const std::string& from, const std::string& to) {
+        size_t start_pos = str.find(from);
+        if(start_pos == std::string::npos)
+            return false;
+        str.replace(start_pos, from.length(), to);
+        return true;
+    }
+    
+    static void replaceAll(std::string& str, const std::string& from, const std::string& to) {
+        if(from.empty())
+            return;
+        size_t start_pos = 0;
+        while((start_pos = str.find(from, start_pos)) != std::string::npos) {
+            str.replace(start_pos, from.length(), to);
+            start_pos += to.length(); // In case 'to' contains 'from', like replacing 'x' with 'yx'
+        }
+    }
+    
+    
     // taken from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/216823/how-to-trim-an-stdstring
     // would've preferred to use boost lib but instructions said to avoid external libs
     // trim from start (in place)

include/blt/std/time.h

@@ -29,6 +29,14 @@ namespace blt::system {
         return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
     }
     
+    static inline auto nanoTime() {
+        return getCurrentTimeNanoseconds();
+    }
+    
+    static inline auto getCurrentTimeMilliseconds(){
+        return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
+    }
+    
     /**
      * Standard time string is formatted as follows:
      * Year-Month-Date Hour:Min:Second

libraries/parallel-hashmap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit 93201da2ba5a6aba0a6e57ada64973555629b3e3

src/blt/nbt/nbt.cpp

@@ -4,18 +4,22 @@
  * See LICENSE file for license detail
  */
 #include <blt/nbt/nbt.h>
+#include <blt/std/logging.h>
+#include <cassert>
+
+#include <type_traits>
 
 namespace blt::nbt {
-    void writeUTF8String(std::fstream& stream, const std::string& str) {
+    void writeUTF8String(blt::fs::block_writer& stream, const std::string& str) {
         blt::string::utf8_string str8 = blt::string::createUTFString(str);
         stream.write(str8.characters, str8.size);
         delete[] str8.characters;
     }
     
-    std::string readUTF8String(std::fstream& stream) {
-        unsigned short utflen;
+    std::string readUTF8String(blt::fs::block_reader& stream) {
+        int16_t utflen;
         
-        stream.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&utflen), sizeof(utflen));
+        readData(stream, utflen);
         
         blt::string::utf8_string str{};
         str.size = utflen;
@@ -23,8 +27,20 @@ namespace blt::nbt {
         
         stream.read(str.characters, str.size);
         
-        auto strOut = std::move(blt::string::getStringFromUTF8(str));
+        auto strOut = blt::string::getStringFromUTF8(str);
         delete[] str.characters;
         return strOut;
     }
+    
+    void NBTReader::read() {
+        char t = reader.get();
+        if (t != (char)nbt_tag::COMPOUND) {
+            BLT_WARN("Found %d", t);
+            throw std::runtime_error("Incorrectly formatted NBT data! Root tag must be a compound tag!");
+        }
+        root = new tag_compound;
+        assert(root != nullptr);
+        root->readName(reader);
+        root->readPayload(reader);
+    }
 }

src/blt/parse/argparse.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,572 @@
+/*
+ * Created by Brett on 06/08/23.
+ * Licensed under GNU General Public License V3.0
+ * See LICENSE file for license detail
+ */
+#include <blt/parse/argparse.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <blt/std/string.h>
+
+namespace blt
+{
+    
+    void arg_nargs_t::decode(char c)
+    {
+        if (c == '?')
+            flags = UNKNOWN;
+        else if (c == '+')
+            flags = ALL_REQUIRED;
+        else if (c == '*')
+            flags = ALL;
+        else
+            flags = 0;
+    }
+    
+    arg_nargs_t::arg_nargs_t(char c)
+    {
+        decode(c);
+    }
+    
+    arg_nargs_t::arg_nargs_t(std::string s)
+    {
+        decode(s[0]);
+    }
+    
+    arg_nargs_t::arg_nargs_t(const char* s)
+    {
+        decode(*s);
+    }
+    
+    class invalid_argument_exception : public std::runtime_error
+    {
+        public:
+            invalid_argument_exception(const std::string& str): std::runtime_error(str)
+            {}
+    };
+    
+    void arg_vector_t::validateFlags()
+    {
+        for (const auto& flag : flags)
+            if (!flag.starts_with('-'))
+                throw invalid_argument_exception("Flag '" + flag + "' must start with - or --");
+    }
+    
+    arg_vector_t::arg_vector_t(const char* str)
+    {
+        std::string as_string(str);
+        if (as_string.starts_with('-'))
+            flags.emplace_back(as_string);
+        else
+            name = as_string;
+    }
+    
+    arg_vector_t::arg_vector_t(const std::string& str)
+    {
+        if (str.starts_with('-'))
+            flags.emplace_back(str);
+        else
+            name = str;
+    }
+    
+    std::string arg_vector_t::getFirstFullFlag()
+    {
+        // assign flag so it always exists, will be first '-' flag if we fail to find a '--' flag
+        std::string flag = flags[0];
+        // search for first '--' flag
+        for (const auto& f : flags)
+            if (f.starts_with("--"))
+            {
+                flag = f;
+                break;
+            }
+        return flag;
+    }
+    
+    std::string to_string(const arg_data_t& v)
+    {
+        if (holds_alternative<arg_data_internal_t>(v))
+            return to_string(std::get<arg_data_internal_t>(v));
+        else if (std::holds_alternative<arg_data_vec_t>(v))
+        {
+            const auto& vec = std::get<arg_data_vec_t>(v);
+            if (vec.size() == 1)
+                return to_string(vec[0]);
+            if (vec.empty())
+                return "Empty Vector";
+            std::string str;
+            for (const auto& r : vec)
+            {
+                str += to_string(r);
+                str += ' ';
+            }
+            return "Vector of contents: " + str;
+        }
+        return "Empty";
+    }
+    
+    std::string to_string(const arg_data_internal_t& v)
+    {
+        if (std::holds_alternative<std::string>(v))
+        {
+            return std::get<std::string>(v);
+        } else if (std::holds_alternative<bool>(v))
+        {
+            return std::get<bool>(v) ? "True" : "False";
+        }
+        return std::to_string(std::get<int32_t>(v));
+    }
+    
+    std::string arg_parse::filename(const std::string& path)
+    {
+        auto paths = blt::string::split(path, "/");
+        auto final = paths[paths.size() - 1];
+        if (final == "/")
+            return paths[paths.size() - 2];
+        return final;
+    }
+    
+    void arg_parse::addArgument(const arg_properties_t& args)
+    {
+        auto properties = new arg_properties_t(args);
+        
+        // determine where to store the arg when parsing
+        if (properties->a_dest.empty())
+        {
+            if (properties->a_flags.isFlag())
+                properties->a_dest = properties->a_flags.getFirstFullFlag();
+            else
+                properties->a_dest = properties->a_flags.name;
+        }
+        
+        if (properties->a_dest.starts_with("--"))
+            properties->a_dest = properties->a_dest.substr(2);
+        else if (properties->a_dest.starts_with('-'))
+            properties->a_dest = properties->a_dest.substr(1);
+        
+        // associate flags with their properties
+        for (const auto& flag : properties->a_flags.flags)
+            user_args.flag_associations[flag] = properties;
+        
+        // positional args uses index (vector) to store the properties
+        if (!properties->a_flags.isFlag())
+            user_args.name_associations.push_back(properties);
+        
+        user_args.arg_properties_storage.push_back(properties);
+    }
+    
+    bool arg_parse::consumeArguments(
+            arg_tokenizer& tokenizer, const std::string& flag, const arg_properties_t& properties, std::vector<arg_data_internal_t>& v_out
+    ) const
+    {
+        switch (properties.a_nargs.flags)
+        {
+            case 0:
+                for (int i = 0; i < properties.a_nargs.args; i++)
+                {
+                    // if we don't have another arg to consume we have a problem!
+                    if (!tokenizer.hasCurrent())
+                    {
+                        // TODO: S
+                        printUsage();
+                        std::cout << filename(loaded_args.program_name) << ": error: flag '" << flag << "' expected " << properties.a_nargs.args
+                                  << " argument(s) got " << i << " argument(s) instead!\n";
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    // if we do have one, but it is a flag then we also have a problem!
+                    if (tokenizer.isFlag())
+                    {
+                        printUsage();
+                        std::cout << filename(loaded_args.program_name) << ": error: flag '" << flag << "' expected " << properties.a_nargs.args
+                                  << " argument(s) but found '" << tokenizer.get() << "' instead!\n";
+                        //BLT_WARN("Expected %d arguments, found flag instead!", properties.a_nargs.args);
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    // get the value and advance
+                    v_out.emplace_back(tokenizer.get());
+                    tokenizer.advance();
+                }
+                return true;
+            case arg_nargs_t::UNKNOWN:
+                // no arg next
+                if (!tokenizer.hasCurrent() || tokenizer.isFlag())
+                {
+                    // python's default is to store const if around otherwise store default
+                    if (!properties.a_const.empty())
+                        v_out.emplace_back(properties.a_const);
+                    else // this should no longer be required with the changes to how defaults are handled
+                        v_out.emplace_back(properties.a_default);
+                    return true;
+                }
+                v_out.emplace_back(tokenizer.get());
+                tokenizer.advance();
+                return true;
+            case arg_nargs_t::ALL:
+                while (tokenizer.hasCurrent() && !tokenizer.isFlag())
+                {
+                    v_out.emplace_back(tokenizer.get());
+                    tokenizer.advance();
+                }
+                return true;
+            case arg_nargs_t::ALL_REQUIRED:
+                if (tokenizer.hasCurrent() && tokenizer.isFlag())
+                {
+                    printUsage();
+                    std::cout << loaded_args.program_name << ": at least one argument is required for '" << flag << "'\n";
+                    return false;
+                }
+                while (tokenizer.hasCurrent() && !tokenizer.isFlag())
+                {
+                    v_out.emplace_back(tokenizer.get());
+                    tokenizer.advance();
+                }
+                return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    
+    void arg_parse::handlePositionalArgument(arg_tokenizer& tokenizer, size_t& last_pos)
+    {
+        auto index = last_pos++;
+        if (index >= user_args.name_associations.size())
+            loaded_args.unrecognized_args.push_back(tokenizer.get());
+        else
+        {
+            loaded_args.data[user_args.name_associations[index]->a_dest] = tokenizer.get();
+            loaded_args.found_args.insert(user_args.name_associations[index]->a_dest);
+        }
+        tokenizer.advance();
+    }
+    
+    void arg_parse::handleFlagArgument(arg_tokenizer& tokenizer)
+    {
+        auto flag = tokenizer.get();
+        tokenizer.advance();
+        
+        // token is a flag, figure out how to handle it
+        if (flag.starts_with("--"))
+            processFlag(tokenizer, flag);
+        else
+        {
+            // handle special args like -vvv
+            if (!flag.starts_with('-'))
+                std::cerr << "Flag processed but does not start with '-' (this is a serious error!)\n";
+            // make sure the flag only contains the same character
+            auto type = flag[1];
+            for (char c : flag.substr(1))
+            {
+                if (c != type)
+                {
+                    printUsage();
+                    std::cout << "found different characters in flag '" << flag.c_str() << "' expected '" << type << "' but found '" << c << "'\n";
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            // size without -
+            auto len = flag.size() - 1;
+            // get flag type
+            std::string str = "- ";
+            str[1] = flag[1];
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++)
+                processFlag(tokenizer, str);
+        }
+    }
+    
+    void arg_parse::processFlag(arg_tokenizer& tokenizer, const std::string& flag)
+    {
+        auto flag_itr = user_args.flag_associations.find(flag);
+        if (flag_itr == user_args.flag_associations.end())
+        {
+            loaded_args.unrecognized_args.push_back(flag);
+            return;
+        }
+        
+        const auto* const properties = user_args.flag_associations.at(flag);
+        
+        if (properties->a_dest.empty())
+        {
+            loaded_args.unrecognized_args.push_back(flag);
+            return;
+        }
+        auto dest = properties->a_dest;
+        
+        loaded_args.found_args.insert(dest);
+        
+        switch (properties->a_action)
+        {
+            case arg_action_t::HELP:
+                printUsage();
+                printHelp();
+                break;
+            case arg_action_t::STORE:
+            {
+                arg_data_t& data = loaded_args.data[dest];
+                arg_data_vec_t v;
+                if (!consumeArguments(tokenizer, flag, *properties, v))
+                {
+                    printHelp();
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (v.empty())
+                    data = "";
+                else if (v.size() == 1)
+                    data = v[0];
+                else
+                    data = v;
+                break;
+            }
+            case arg_action_t::STORE_CONST:
+                loaded_args.data[dest] = properties->a_const;
+                break;
+            case arg_action_t::STORE_FALSE:
+                loaded_args.data[dest] = false;
+                break;
+            case arg_action_t::STORE_TRUE:
+                loaded_args.data[dest] = true;
+                break;
+            case arg_action_t::COUNT:
+            {
+                auto& data = loaded_args.data[dest];
+                if (!holds_alternative<int32_t>(data))
+                    data = 0;
+                data = get<int32_t>(data) + 1;
+                break;
+            }
+            case arg_action_t::EXTEND:
+            {
+                
+                break;
+            }
+            case arg_action_t::VERSION:
+            {
+                auto file = filename(loaded_args.program_name);
+                std::cout << file.c_str() << " " << properties->a_version << "\n";
+                break;
+            }
+            case arg_action_t::APPEND_CONST:
+            {
+                auto& data = loaded_args.data[dest];
+                if (!std::holds_alternative<arg_data_vec_t>(data))
+                {
+                    data = arg_data_vec_t();
+                }
+                auto& l = get<arg_data_vec_t>(data);
+                l.emplace_back(properties->a_const);
+                break;
+            }
+            case arg_action_t::APPEND:
+            {
+                auto& data = loaded_args.data[dest];
+                if (!holds_alternative<arg_data_vec_t>(data))
+                    data = arg_data_vec_t();
+                auto& l = get<arg_data_vec_t>(data);
+                consumeArguments(tokenizer, flag, *properties, l);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    
+    arg_parse::arg_results arg_parse::parse_args(int argc, const char** argv)
+    {
+        std::vector<std::string> args;
+        args.reserve(argc);
+        for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++)
+            args.emplace_back(argv[i]);
+        return parse_args(args);
+    }
+    
+    arg_parse::arg_results arg_parse::parse_args(const std::vector<std::string>& args)
+    {
+        arg_tokenizer tokenizer(args);
+        loaded_args.program_name = tokenizer.get();
+        tokenizer.advance();
+        
+        size_t last_positional = 0;
+        while (tokenizer.hasCurrent())
+        {
+            if (tokenizer.isFlag())
+                handleFlagArgument(tokenizer);
+            else
+                handlePositionalArgument(tokenizer, last_positional);
+        }
+        
+        // load defaults for args which were not found
+        for (const auto* arg : user_args.arg_properties_storage)
+        {
+            if (!to_string(arg->a_default).empty() && !loaded_args.contains(arg->a_dest))
+                loaded_args.data[arg->a_dest] = arg->a_default;
+        }
+        
+        // if there was no problems processing then return the loaded args
+        if (loaded_args.unrecognized_args.empty())
+            return loaded_args;
+        
+        // otherwise construct a string detailing the unrecognized args
+        std::string unrec;
+        for (const auto& r : loaded_args.unrecognized_args)
+        {
+            unrec += '\'';
+            unrec += r;
+            unrec += '\'';
+            unrec += ' ';
+        }
+        // remove the last space caused by the for loop
+        unrec = unrec.substr(0, unrec.size() - 1);
+        printUsage();
+        std::cout << loaded_args.program_name << ": error: unrecognized args: " << unrec << "\n";
+        std::exit(0);
+    }
+    
+    bool arg_parse::takesArgs(const arg_properties_t* const& arg)
+    {
+        switch (arg->a_action)
+        {
+            case arg_action_t::STORE_CONST:
+            case arg_action_t::STORE_TRUE:
+            case arg_action_t::STORE_FALSE:
+            case arg_action_t::APPEND_CONST:
+            case arg_action_t::COUNT:
+            case arg_action_t::HELP:
+            case arg_action_t::VERSION:
+                return false;
+            case arg_action_t::STORE:
+            case arg_action_t::APPEND:
+            case arg_action_t::EXTEND:
+                return arg->a_nargs.takesArgs();
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    
+    void arg_parse::printHelp() const
+    {
+        if (!user_args.prefix.empty())
+        {
+            std::cout << "\n";
+            std::cout << user_args.prefix;
+        }
+        std::cout << "\npositional arguments:\n";
+        // spaces per tab
+        const size_t tab_size = 8;
+        size_t max_length = 0;
+        // search for longest pos arg length
+        for (const auto& arg : user_args.arg_properties_storage)
+        {
+            if (!arg->a_flags.isFlag())
+                max_length = std::max(arg->a_flags.name.size(), max_length);
+            else {
+                auto tmp = getFlagHelp(arg);
+                max_length = std::max(tmp.size(), max_length);
+            }
+        }
+        for (const auto& arg : user_args.arg_properties_storage)
+        {
+            if (!arg->a_flags.isFlag())
+            {
+                const auto& name = arg->a_flags.name;
+                std::cout << name;
+                auto size = std::max(static_cast<int64_t>(max_length) - static_cast<int64_t>(name.size()), 0l);
+                size += tab_size;
+                for (int64_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
+                    std::cout << " ";
+                std::cout << arg->a_help << "\n";
+            }
+        }
+        std::cout << "\noptions:\n";
+        for (const auto& arg : user_args.arg_properties_storage)
+        {
+            if (arg->a_flags.isFlag())
+            {
+                const auto& name = getFlagHelp(arg);
+                std::cout << name;
+                auto size = std::max(static_cast<int64_t>(max_length) - static_cast<int64_t>(name.size()), 0l);
+                size += tab_size;
+                for (int64_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
+                    std::cout << " ";
+                std::cout << arg->a_help << "\n";
+            }
+        }
+        if (!user_args.postfix.empty())
+        {
+            std::cout << user_args.postfix;
+            std::cout << "\n";
+        }
+        
+        std::exit(0);
+    }
+    
+    void arg_parse::printUsage() const
+    {
+        std::string usage = "Usage: " + loaded_args.program_name + " ";
+        std::cout << usage;
+        size_t current_line_length = 0;
+        
+        for (const auto& arg : user_args.arg_properties_storage)
+        {
+            auto meta = getMetavar(arg);
+            
+            std::string str = "[";
+            if (arg->a_flags.isFlag())
+            {
+                str += arg->a_flags.getFirstFullFlag();
+                if (takesArgs(arg))
+                {
+                    str += " ";
+                    str += meta;
+                    str += "";
+                }
+                str += "]";
+                str += ' ';
+            } else
+            {
+                str += "<";
+                str += arg->a_flags.name;
+                str += ">] ";
+            }
+            
+            current_line_length += str.size();
+            checkAndPrintFormattingLine(current_line_length, usage.size());
+            
+            std::cout << str;
+        }
+        std::cout << "\n";
+    }
+    
+    void arg_parse::checkAndPrintFormattingLine(size_t& current_line_length, size_t spacing) const
+    {
+        if (current_line_length > user_args.max_line_length)
+        {
+            std::cout << "\n";
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < spacing; i++)
+                std::cout << " ";
+            current_line_length = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    std::string arg_parse::getMetavar(const arg_properties_t* const& arg)
+    {
+        auto meta = arg->a_metavar;
+        
+        if (meta.empty())
+            meta = blt::string::toUpperCase(arg->a_dest);
+        
+        return meta;
+    }
+    
+    std::string arg_parse::getFlagHelp(const arg_properties_t* const& arg)
+    {
+        auto meta = getMetavar(arg);
+        // bad that we have to create this twice!
+        std::string tmp;
+        for (const auto& flag : arg->a_flags.flags)
+        {
+            tmp += flag;
+            if (takesArgs(arg))
+            {
+                tmp += ' ';
+                tmp += meta;
+            }
+            tmp += ", ";
+        }
+        tmp = tmp.substr(0, tmp.size()-2);
+        return tmp;
+    }
+}

src/blt/std/filesystem.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,14 @@
  */
 #include <blt/std/filesystem.h>
 #include <cstring>
+#include "blt/std/logging.h"
+
+blt::fs::fstream_block_reader::fstream_block_reader(std::fstream& stream, size_t bufferSize) :
+        block_reader(bufferSize), m_stream(stream), m_buffer(new char[bufferSize]) {
+    if (!m_stream.good() || m_stream.fail())
+        BLT_WARN("Provided std::fstream is not good! Clearing!");
+    m_stream.clear();
+}
 
 int blt::fs::fstream_block_reader::read(char* buffer, size_t bytes) {
     if (readIndex == 0)
@@ -40,7 +48,7 @@ int blt::fs::fstream_block_writer::write(char* buffer, size_t bytes) {
     return 0;
 }
 
-void blt::fs::fstream_block_writer::flush() {
+void blt::fs::fstream_block_writer::flush_internal() {
     m_stream.write(m_buffer, (long) writeIndex);
     writeIndex = 0;
 }

src/tests/hashmap_tests.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #ifndef BLT_TESTS_HASHMAP_TEXTS_H
 #define BLT_TESTS_HASHMAP_TEXTS_H
 
-#include <blt/std/hash_map.h>
+#include <blt/std/hashmap.h>
 
 inline static int test_hashmaps(){
     

src/tests/main.cpp

@@ -1,61 +1,313 @@
 
 #include <unordered_map>
-#include "binary_trees.h"
-#include "logging.h"
+//#include "binary_trees.h"
+//#include "logging.h"
 #include "profiling_tests.h"
 #include "nbt_tests.h"
-#include "queue_tests.h"
-#include "blt/math/vectors.h"
-#include "blt/math/matrix.h"
-#include <bitset>
-#include "hashmap_tests.h"
+#include "blt/parse/argparse.h"
+//#include "queue_tests.h"
+//#include "blt/math/vectors.h"
+//#include "blt/math/matrix.h"
+//#include <bitset>
+//#include "hashmap_tests.h"
+//#include <functional>
 
-int main() {
-    binaryTreeTest();
+std::function<int(int i)> test{
+    [](int i) -> int {
+        int acc = 1;
+        for (int j = 0; j < i; j++){
+            acc += j * i;
+        }
+        return acc;
+    }
+};
+
+int test_as_func(int i){
+    int acc = 1;
+    for (int j = 0; j < i; j++){
+        acc += j * i;
+    }
+    return acc;
+}
+
+inline int test_as_func_inline(int i){
+    int acc = 1;
+    for (int j = 0; j < i; j++){
+        acc += j * i;
+    }
+    return acc;
+}
+
+std::function<int(int i)> test_func_as_std(&test_as_func);
+
+class super_func {
+    public:
+        virtual int test(int i) = 0;
+        virtual ~super_func() = default;
+};
+
+class class_func : public super_func {
+    public:
+        int test(int i) override {
+            int acc = 1;
+            for (int j = 0; j < i; j++){
+                acc += j * i;
+            }
+            return acc;
+        }
+};
+
+int (*func_func)(int) = [](int i) -> int {
+    int acc = 1;
+    for (int j = 0; j < i; j++){
+        acc += j * i;
+    }
+    return acc;
+};
+
+int (*func_func_in)(int) = &test_as_func;
+
+int main(int argc, const char** argv) {
+    blt::arg_parse parser;
+    parser.addArgument(blt::arg_builder({"--poo", "-p"}).build());
+    parser.addArgument(blt::arg_builder("--foo").setAction(blt::arg_action_t::STORE_TRUE).setDefault(false).build());
+    parser.addArgument(blt::arg_builder({"--goo", "-g"}).build());
+    parser.addArgument(blt::arg_builder({"--oop", "-o"}).build());
+    parser.addArgument(blt::arg_builder("Sexy_pos").setHelp("I am helpful!").build());
     
-    run_logging();
+    auto args = parser.parse_args(argc, argv);
+    std::vector<std::string> superArgs {
+        "BLT_TESTS",
+        "Sexy",
+        "-p", "I have poop",
+        "--help"
+    };
+    auto args2 = parser.parse_args(superArgs);
     
-    runProfilingAndTableTests();
+    for (const auto& a : args2.data){
+        BLT_TRACE("['%s' = '%s']", a.first.c_str(), blt::to_string(a.second).c_str());
+    }
+    BLT_TRACE(args2.program_name);
+//
+//    if (argc > 1 && std::string(argv[1]) == "--no_color") {
+//        for (int i = (int)blt::logging::log_level::NONE; i < (int)blt::logging::log_level::FATAL; i++) {
+//            blt::logging::setLogColor((blt::logging::log_level)i, "");
+//        }
+//        blt::logging::setLogOutputFormat("[${{TIME}}] [${{LOG_LEVEL}}] (${{FILE}}:${{LINE}}) ${{STR}}\n");
+//    }
+//
+//    auto* funy = new class_func;
+//    super_func* virtual_funy = new class_func;
+//
+//    for (int _ = 0; _ < 10; _++ ) {
+//        int num_of_tests = 10000;
+//        int acc = 1;
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "std::function (lambda)");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += test(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "std::function (lambda)");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "std::function (normal)");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += test_func_as_std(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "std::function (normal)");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "normal function");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += test_as_func(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "normal function");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "(inline) normal function");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += test_as_func_inline(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "(inline) normal function");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "virtual class direct");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += funy->test(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "virtual class direct");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "virtual class");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += virtual_funy->test(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "virtual class");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "funcptr lambda");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += func_func(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "funcptr lambda");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//
+//        BLT_START_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "c function ptr");
+//        acc = 1;
+//        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_tests; i++) {
+//            acc += func_func_in(i);
+//        }
+//        BLT_END_INTERVAL("Functions Test", "c function ptr");
+//        BLT_TRACE(acc);
+//    }
+//
+//    BLT_PRINT_PROFILE("Functions Test", blt::logging::log_level::NONE, true);
+//    delete virtual_funy;
+//    delete funy;
+//
+//    binaryTreeTest();
+//
+//    run_logging();
+//
+//    runProfilingAndTableTests();
+//
+//    blt::logging::flush();
+//
+//    nbt_tests();
+//
+//    BLT_TRACE0_STREAM << "Test Output!\n";
+//    BLT_TRACE1_STREAM << 5 << "\n";
+//    BLT_TRACE2_STREAM << 5 << "\n";
+//    BLT_TRACE3_STREAM << 5 << "\n";
+//    BLT_TRACE_STREAM << "TRACEY\n";
+//
+//    blt::logging::flush();
+//
+//    test_queues();
+//
+//    blt::vec4 v{2, 5, 1, 8};
+//    blt::mat4x4 m{};
+//    m.m(0,0, 1);
+//    m.m(0,2, 2);
+//    m.m(1, 1, 3);
+//    m.m(1, 3, 4);
+//    m.m(2, 2, 5);
+//    m.m(3, 0, 6);
+//    m.m(3, 3, 7);
+//
+//    auto result = m * v;
+//
+//    std::cout << result.x() << " " << result.y() << " " << result.z() << " " << result.w() << std::endl;
+//
+//    if (test_hashmaps()){
+//        BLT_FATAL("Hashmap test failed!");
+//        return 1;
+//    }
+//
+//    BLT_TRACE("Hello Trace!");
+//    BLT_DEBUG("Hello Debug!");
+//    BLT_INFO("Hello Info!");
+//    BLT_WARN("Hello Warn!");
+//    BLT_ERROR("Hello Error!");
+//    BLT_FATAL("Hello Fatal!");
+//
+//    constexpr int size = 100;
+//    uint32_t vals[size];
+//
+//    for (uint32_t & val : vals)
+//        val = 0;
+//
+//    uint32_t seed = 1023;
+//    for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++){
+//        seed = seed * i;
+//        vals[blt::random::randomInt(seed, 0, size)] += 1;
+//    }
+//
+//    uint32_t mean = 0;
+//    for (uint32_t& val : vals)
+//        mean += val;
+//    mean /= size;
+//
+//    uint32_t std = 0;
+//    for (uint32_t& val : vals) {
+//        auto e = (val - mean);
+//        std += e * e;
+//    }
+//
+//    auto stdev = sqrt((double)std / (double)size);
+//
+//    BLT_INFO("STDDEV of # random values: %f", stdev);
     
-    blt::logging::flush();
-    
-    nbt_tests();
-    
-    BLT_TRACE0_STREAM << "Test Output!\n";
-    BLT_TRACE1_STREAM << 5 << "\n";
-    BLT_TRACE2_STREAM << 5 << "\n";
-    BLT_TRACE3_STREAM << 5 << "\n";
-    BLT_TRACE_STREAM << "TRACEY\n";
-    
-    blt::logging::flush();
-    
-    test_queues();
-    
-    blt::vec4 v{2, 5, 1, 8};
-    blt::mat4x4 m{};
-    m.m(0,0, 1);
-    m.m(0,2, 2);
-    m.m(1, 1, 3);
-    m.m(1, 3, 4);
-    m.m(2, 2, 5);
-    m.m(3, 0, 6);
-    m.m(3, 3, 7);
-    
-    auto result = m * v;
-    
-    std::cout << result.x() << " " << result.y() << " " << result.z() << " " << result.w() << std::endl;
-    
-    if (test_hashmaps()){
-        BLT_FATAL("Hashmap test failed!");
-        return 1;
+    {
+        std::fstream nbtFile("super_file.nbt", std::ios::out | std::ios::binary);
+        blt::fs::fstream_block_writer blockWriter(nbtFile);
+        blt::nbt::NBTWriter nbtWriter(blockWriter);
+        nbtWriter.write(
+                new blt::nbt::tag_compound(
+                        "root", {
+                                new blt::nbt::tag_byte("super_byte", 8),
+                                new blt::nbt::tag_short("shortTest", 32767),
+                                new blt::nbt::tag_compound(
+                                        "SEXY_COMPOUND", {
+                                                new blt::nbt::tag_list(
+                                                        "my list", {
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long("", 1230),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long("", 2),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long("", 50340535),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long("", 55),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long("", 256),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long("", 512),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long("", 9999999999),
+                                                        }
+                                                ),
+                                                new blt::nbt::tag_double("OMG IT'S A DOUBLE", 1320.04324),
+                                                new blt::nbt::tag_float("OMG IT'S A FLOAT", 12.04324),
+                                                new blt::nbt::tag_compound(
+                                                        "Triple", {
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_int("Test int", 32),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_byte_array(
+                                                                        "super array", {
+                                                                                51, 23, 12, 04, 33, 53, 11, 22, 3, 93, 120
+                                                                        }
+                                                                ),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_string("I am a string", "I have stringy contents"),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_string("name", "Bananrama"),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_int_array(
+                                                                        "int array", {
+                                                                                1230, 234023, 21300, 2309230, 2340230, 2, 1, 32, 3265, 12, 53, 123, 7,
+                                                                                56, 12
+                                                                        }
+                                                                ),
+                                                                new blt::nbt::tag_long_array(
+                                                                        "valid", {
+                                                                                1230, 5320, 323200234402304, 230023, 23042034, 230230, 2301203,
+                                                                                123010230, 12300123
+                                                                        }
+                                                                )
+                                                        }
+                                                )
+                                        }
+                                )
+                        }
+                ));
+        
+        blockWriter.flush();
+        nbtFile.close();
     }
     
-    BLT_TRACE("Hello Trace!");
-    BLT_DEBUG("Hello Debug!");
-    BLT_INFO("Hello Info!");
-    BLT_WARN("Hello Warn!");
-    BLT_ERROR("Hello Error!");
-    BLT_FATAL("Hello Fatal!");
+    std::fstream nbtInputFile("super_file.nbt", std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
+    blt::fs::fstream_block_reader blockReader(nbtInputFile);
+    blt::nbt::NBTReader nbtReader(blockReader);
+    nbtReader.read();
+    
+    auto shortTag = nbtReader.getTag<blt::nbt::tag_short>("shortTest");
+    BLT_TRACE("Got short: %d", shortTag->get());
     
     return 0;
 }

src/tests/nbt_tests.h

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
 #include <blt/std/filesystem.h>
 
 inline bool readLargeBlockUsingNBTBufferedReader(const std::string& file, const blt::scoped_buffer<char>& bufferToCompare, size_t bufferSize) {
-    blt::scoped_buffer<char> read_buffer{bufferToCompare.size};
+    blt::scoped_buffer<char> read_buffer{bufferToCompare.size()};
     std::fstream largeBlockInputLarge(file, std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
     blt::fs::fstream_block_reader byteLargeBlockInputLarge(largeBlockInputLarge, bufferSize);
-    byteLargeBlockInputLarge.read(read_buffer.buffer, bufferToCompare.size);
-    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bufferToCompare.size; i++) {
-        if (read_buffer[i] != bufferToCompare.buffer[i])
+    byteLargeBlockInputLarge.read(*read_buffer, bufferToCompare.size());
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bufferToCompare.size(); i++) {
+        if (read_buffer[i] != bufferToCompare[i])
             return false;
     }
     largeBlockInputLarge.close();
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ inline bool readLargeBlockUsingNBTBufferedReader(const std::string& file, const
 inline bool readIndividualUsingNBTBufferedReader(const std::string& file, const blt::scoped_buffer<char>& bufferToCompare, size_t bufferSize) {
     std::fstream largeBlockInput(file, std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
     blt::fs::fstream_block_reader byteLargeBlockInput(largeBlockInput, bufferSize);
-    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bufferToCompare.size; i++) {
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < bufferToCompare.size(); i++) {
         char byte;
         byteLargeBlockInput.read(&byte, 1);
         if (byte != bufferToCompare[i]) {
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ inline void nbt_read_tests(){
     bool fstream_large_correct = true;
     
     for (int i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++)
-        buffer.buffer[i] = i+1;
+        buffer[i] = i + 1;
     
     BLT_START_INTERVAL("nbt read", "Raw Write");
     std::fstream largeOutput("HeyThere.txt", std::ios::out | std::ios::binary);
-    largeOutput.write(buffer.buffer, bufferSize);
+    largeOutput.write(*buffer, bufferSize);
     largeOutput.flush();
     largeOutput.close();
     BLT_END_INTERVAL("nbt read", "Raw Write");
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ inline void nbt_write_tests(){
     blt::scoped_buffer<char> read_buffer{bufferSize};
     
     for (int i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++)
-        buffer.buffer[i] = i+1;
+        buffer[i] = i + 1;
     
     std::fstream fileOutput("IAmAFile.txt", std::ios::binary | std::ios::out);
     for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
@@ -139,11 +139,11 @@ inline void nbt_write_tests(){
         blt::fs::fstream_block_writer writer(fileOutput, size);
         
         BLT_START_INTERVAL("nbt write block", profiler_string);
-        writer.write(buffer.buffer, buffer.size);
+        writer.write(*buffer, buffer.size());
         BLT_END_INTERVAL("nbt write block", profiler_string);
         BLT_START_INTERVAL("nbt write individual", profiler_string);
         for (int j = 0; j < bufferSize; j++) {
-            writer.write(&buffer.buffer[j], 1);
+            writer.write(&buffer[j], 1);
         }
         BLT_END_INTERVAL("nbt write individual", profiler_string);
     }
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ inline void nbt_write_tests(){
         auto size = (size_t) std::pow(2, 11 + i);
         auto size_str = std::to_string(size);
         bool results = true;
-        fileInput.read(read_buffer.buffer, bufferSize);
+        fileInput.read(*read_buffer, bufferSize);
         for (int j = 0; j < bufferSize; j++) {
             if (buffer[j] != read_buffer[j]) {
                 results = false;
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ inline void nbt_write_tests(){
         BLT_INFO("NBT %s Block Write Correctly? %s;\n", size_str.c_str(), results ? "True" : "False");
     
         results = true;
-        fileInput.read(read_buffer.buffer, bufferSize);
+        fileInput.read(*read_buffer, bufferSize);
         for (int j = 0; j < bufferSize; j++) {
             if (buffer[j] != read_buffer[j]) {
                 results = false;
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ inline void nbt_tests(){
     testOutput.write(testByte, 3);
     testOutput.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&testShort), sizeof(short));
     testOutput.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&testInt), sizeof(int));
-    blt::nbt::writeUTF8String(testOutput, "HelloHowManyCanWeFit!");
+    //blt::nbt::writeUTF8String(testOutput, "HelloHowManyCanWeFit!");
     
     //testOutput.flush();
     testOutput.close();
@@ -207,10 +207,10 @@ inline void nbt_tests(){
     testInput.read(testByteIn, 3);
     testInput.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&testShortIn), sizeof(short));
     testInput.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&testIntIn), sizeof(int));
-    std::string strIn = blt::nbt::readUTF8String(testInput);
+    //std::string strIn = blt::nbt::readUTF8String(testInput);
     
     testInput.close();
-    BLT_INFO("%d, %c, %d, %d, %d, %s", testByteIn[0], testByteIn[1], testByteIn[2], testShortIn, testIntIn, strIn.c_str());
+    //BLT_INFO("%d, %c, %d, %d, %d, %s", testByteIn[0], testByteIn[1], testByteIn[2], testShortIn, testIntIn, strIn.c_str());
     
     nbt_read_tests();
     nbt_write_tests();

src/tests/queue_tests.h

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ static inline void random_access() {
 }
 
 static inline void test_queues() {
-    blt::random<int, std::uniform_int_distribution> rand{1, 100};
+    blt::random::random<int, std::uniform_int_distribution> rand{1, 100};
     
     for (int& value : values){
         value = rand.get();