blt-gp/include/blt/gp/program.h

458 lines
18 KiB
C++

#pragma once
/*
* Copyright (C) 2024 Brett Terpstra
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#ifndef BLT_GP_PROGRAM_H
#define BLT_GP_PROGRAM_H
#include <cstddef>
#include <functional>
#include <type_traits>
#include <string_view>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <memory>
#include <array>
#include <blt/std/ranges.h>
#include <blt/std/hashmap.h>
#include <blt/std/types.h>
#include <blt/std/utility.h>
#include <blt/std/memory.h>
#include <blt/gp/fwdecl.h>
#include <blt/gp/typesystem.h>
#include <blt/gp/operations.h>
#include <blt/gp/transformers.h>
#include <blt/gp/selection.h>
#include <blt/gp/tree.h>
#include <blt/gp/stack.h>
#include <blt/gp/config.h>
#include <blt/gp/random.h>
namespace blt::gp
{
struct argc_t
{
blt::u32 argc = 0;
blt::u32 argc_context = 0;
[[nodiscard]] bool is_terminal() const
{
return argc == 0;
}
};
struct operator_info
{
// types of the arguments
std::vector<type_id> argument_types;
// return type of this operator
type_id return_type;
// number of arguments for this operator
argc_t argc;
// function to call this operator
detail::callable_t function;
// function used to transfer values between stacks
detail::transfer_t transfer;
};
struct operator_storage
{
// indexed from return TYPE ID, returns index of operator
blt::expanding_buffer<std::vector<operator_id>> terminals;
blt::expanding_buffer<std::vector<operator_id>> non_terminals;
blt::expanding_buffer<std::vector<std::pair<operator_id, blt::size_t>>> operators_ordered_terminals;
// indexed from OPERATOR ID (operator number)
blt::hashset_t<operator_id> static_types;
std::vector<operator_info> operators;
std::vector<detail::print_func_t> print_funcs;
std::vector<std::optional<std::string_view>> names;
};
template<typename Context = detail::empty_t>
class operator_builder
{
friend class gp_program;
friend class blt::gp::detail::operator_storage_test;
public:
explicit operator_builder(type_provider& system): system(system)
{}
template<typename ArgType, typename Return, typename... Args>
operator_builder& add_operator(const operation_t<ArgType, Return(Args...)>& op, bool is_static = false)
{
auto return_type_id = system.get_type<Return>().id();
auto operator_id = blt::gp::operator_id(storage.operators.size());
auto& operator_list = op.get_argc() == 0 ? storage.terminals : storage.non_terminals;
operator_list[return_type_id].push_back(operator_id);
operator_info info;
if constexpr (sizeof...(Args) > 0)
{
(add_non_context_argument<Args>(info.argument_types), ...);
}
info.argc.argc_context = info.argc.argc = sizeof...(Args);
info.return_type = system.get_type<Return>().id();
((std::is_same_v<detail::remove_cv_ref<Args>, Context> ? info.argc.argc -= 1 : (blt::size_t) nullptr), ...);
BLT_ASSERT(info.argc.argc_context - info.argc.argc <= 1 && "Cannot pass multiple context as arguments!");
info.function = op.template make_callable<Context>();
info.transfer = [](std::optional<std::reference_wrapper<stack_allocator>> to, stack_allocator& from) {
#if BLT_DEBUG_LEVEL >= 3
auto value = from.pop<Return>();
//BLT_TRACE_STREAM << value << "\n";
if (to){
to->get().push(value);
}
#else
if (to)
{
to->get().push(from.pop<Return>());
} else
{
from.pop<Return>();
}
#endif
};
storage.operators.push_back(info);
storage.print_funcs.push_back([](std::ostream& out, stack_allocator& stack) {
out << stack.pop<Return>();
});
storage.names.push_back(op.get_name());
if (is_static)
storage.static_types.insert(operator_id);
return *this;
}
operator_storage&& build()
{
blt::hashset_t<type_id> has_terminals;
for (const auto& v : blt::enumerate(storage.terminals))
{
if (!v.second.empty())
has_terminals.insert(v.first);
}
for (const auto& op_r : blt::enumerate(storage.non_terminals))
{
if (op_r.second.empty())
continue;
auto return_type = op_r.first;
std::vector<std::pair<operator_id, blt::size_t>> ordered_terminals;
for (const auto& op : op_r.second)
{
// count number of terminals
blt::size_t terminals = 0;
for (const auto& type : storage.operators[op].argument_types)
{
if (has_terminals.contains(type))
terminals++;
}
ordered_terminals.emplace_back(op, terminals);
}
bool found_terminal_inputs = false;
bool matches_argc = false;
for (const auto& terms : ordered_terminals)
{
if (terms.second == storage.operators[terms.first].argc.argc)
matches_argc = true;
if (terms.second != 0)
found_terminal_inputs = true;
if (matches_argc && found_terminal_inputs)
break;
}
if (!found_terminal_inputs)
BLT_ABORT(("Failed to find function with terminal arguments for return type " + std::to_string(return_type)).c_str());
if (!matches_argc)
{
BLT_ABORT(("Failed to find a function which purely translates types "
"(that is all input types are terminals) for return type " + std::to_string(return_type)).c_str());
}
std::sort(ordered_terminals.begin(), ordered_terminals.end(), [](const auto& a, const auto& b) {
return a.second > b.second;
});
auto first_size = *ordered_terminals.begin();
auto iter = ordered_terminals.begin();
while (++iter != ordered_terminals.end() && iter->second == first_size.second)
{}
ordered_terminals.erase(iter, ordered_terminals.end());
storage.operators_ordered_terminals[return_type] = ordered_terminals;
}
return std::move(storage);
}
private:
template<typename T>
void add_non_context_argument(decltype(operator_info::argument_types)& types)
{
if constexpr (!std::is_same_v<Context, detail::remove_cv_ref<T>>)
{
types.push_back(system.get_type<T>().id());
}
}
type_provider& system;
operator_storage storage;
};
class gp_program
{
public:
/**
* Note about context size: This is required as context is passed to every operator in the GP tree, this context will be provided by your
* call to one of the evaluator functions. This was the nicest way to provide this as C++ lacks reflection
*
* @param system type system to use in tree generation
* @param engine random engine to use throughout the program. TODO replace this with something better
* @param context_size number of arguments which are always present as "context" to the GP system / operators
*/
explicit gp_program(type_provider& system, random_t engine):
system(system), engine(engine)
{}
explicit gp_program(type_provider& system, random_t engine, prog_config_t config):
system(system), engine(engine), config(config)
{}
void generate_population(type_id root_type)
{
current_pop = config.pop_initializer.get().generate(
{*this, root_type, config.population_size, config.initial_min_tree_size, config.initial_max_tree_size});
}
template<typename Crossover, typename Mutation, typename Reproduction, typename Creation_Func = decltype(default_next_pop_creator<Crossover, Mutation, Reproduction>)>
void create_next_generation(Crossover&& crossover_selection, Mutation&& mutation_selection, Reproduction&& reproduction_selection,
Creation_Func& func = default_next_pop_creator<Crossover, Mutation, Reproduction>)
{
// should already be empty
next_pop.clear();
crossover_selection.pre_process(*this, current_pop, current_stats);
mutation_selection.pre_process(*this, current_pop, current_stats);
reproduction_selection.pre_process(*this, current_pop, current_stats);
func(get_selector_args(), std::forward<Crossover>(crossover_selection), std::forward<Mutation>(mutation_selection),
std::forward<Reproduction>(reproduction_selection));
}
/**
* takes in a lambda for the fitness evaluation function (must return a value convertable to double)
* The lambda must accept a tree for evaluation, container for evaluation context, and a index into that container (current tree)
*
* tree_t&, Container&, blt::size_t
*
* Container must be concurrently accessible from multiple threads using operator[]
*
* NOTE: 0 is considered the best, in terms of standardized and adjusted fitness
*/
template<typename Container, typename Callable>
void evaluate_fitness(Callable&& fitness_function, Container& result_storage)
{
for (const auto& ind : blt::enumerate(current_pop.get_individuals()))
ind.second.raw_fitness = static_cast<double>(fitness_function(ind.second.tree, result_storage, ind.first));
double min = 0;
for (auto& ind : current_pop.get_individuals())
{
if (ind.raw_fitness < min)
min = ind.raw_fitness;
}
double overall_fitness = 0;
double best_fitness = 2;
double worst_fitness = 0;
individual* best = nullptr;
individual* worst = nullptr;
auto diff = -min;
for (auto& ind : current_pop.get_individuals())
{
auto standardized_fitness = ind.raw_fitness + diff;
ind.adjusted_fitness = 1.0 / (1.0 + standardized_fitness);
if (ind.adjusted_fitness > worst_fitness)
{
worst_fitness = ind.adjusted_fitness;
worst = &ind;
}
if (ind.adjusted_fitness < best_fitness)
{
best_fitness = ind.adjusted_fitness;
best = &ind;
}
overall_fitness += ind.adjusted_fitness;
}
current_stats = {overall_fitness, overall_fitness / static_cast<double>(config.population_size), best_fitness, worst_fitness, best,
worst};
}
void next_generation()
{
current_pop = std::move(next_pop);
current_generation++;
}
template<blt::size_t size>
std::array<blt::size_t, size> get_best_indexes()
{
std::array<blt::size_t, size> arr;
std::vector<std::pair<blt::size_t, double>> values;
values.reserve(current_pop.get_individuals().size());
for (const auto& ind : blt::enumerate(current_pop.get_individuals()))
values.emplace_back(ind.first, ind.second.adjusted_fitness);
std::sort(values.begin(), values.end(), [](const auto& a, const auto& b) {
return a.second < b.second;
});
for (blt::size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
arr[i] = values[i].first;
return arr;
}
template<blt::size_t size>
std::array<std::reference_wrapper<tree_t>, size> get_best()
{
return convert_array(get_best_indexes<size>(), std::make_integer_sequence<blt::size_t, size>());
}
[[nodiscard]] bool should_terminate() const
{
return current_generation >= config.max_generations;
}
[[nodiscard]] inline random_t& get_random()
{
return engine;
}
[[nodiscard]] inline type_provider& get_typesystem()
{
return system;
}
inline operator_id select_terminal(type_id id)
{
// we wanted a terminal, but could not find one, so we will select from a function that has a terminal
if (storage.terminals[id].empty())
return select_non_terminal_too_deep(id);
return storage.terminals[id][engine.get_size_t(0, storage.terminals[id].size())];
}
inline operator_id select_non_terminal(type_id id)
{
return storage.non_terminals[id][engine.get_size_t(0, storage.non_terminals[id].size())];
}
inline operator_id select_non_terminal_too_deep(type_id id)
{
return storage.operators_ordered_terminals[id][engine.get_size_t(0, storage.operators_ordered_terminals[id].size())].first;
}
inline operator_info& get_operator_info(operator_id id)
{
return storage.operators[id];
}
inline detail::print_func_t& get_print_func(operator_id id)
{
return storage.print_funcs[id];
}
inline std::optional<std::string_view> get_name(operator_id id)
{
return storage.names[id];
}
inline std::vector<operator_id>& get_type_terminals(type_id id)
{
return storage.terminals[id];
}
inline std::vector<operator_id>& get_type_non_terminals(type_id id)
{
return storage.non_terminals[id];
}
inline bool is_static(operator_id id)
{
return storage.static_types.contains(static_cast<blt::size_t>(id));
}
inline void set_operations(operator_storage&& op)
{
storage = std::move(op);
}
[[nodiscard]] inline auto get_current_generation() const
{
return current_generation;
}
private:
type_provider& system;
blt::gp::stack_allocator alloc;
operator_storage storage;
population_t current_pop;
population_stats current_stats;
population_t next_pop;
blt::size_t current_generation = 0;
random_t engine;
prog_config_t config;
inline selector_args get_selector_args()
{
return {*this, next_pop, current_pop, current_stats, config, engine};
}
template<blt::size_t size, blt::size_t... indexes>
inline std::array<std::reference_wrapper<tree_t>, size> convert_array(std::array<blt::size_t, size>&& arr,
std::integer_sequence<blt::size_t, indexes...>)
{
return {current_pop.get_individuals()[arr[indexes]].tree...};
}
};
}
#endif //BLT_GP_PROGRAM_H