discord-bot/libs/SQLiteCpp-3.3.1/examples/example1/main.cpp

508 lines
22 KiB
C++

/**
* @file main.cpp
* @brief A few short examples in a row.
*
* Demonstrates how-to use the SQLite++ wrapper
*
* Copyright (c) 2012-2023 Sebastien Rombauts (sebastien.rombauts@gmail.com)
*
* Distributed under the MIT License (MIT) (See accompanying file LICENSE.txt
* or copy at http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <SQLiteCpp/SQLiteCpp.h>
#include <SQLiteCpp/VariadicBind.h>
#ifdef SQLITECPP_ENABLE_ASSERT_HANDLER
namespace SQLite
{
/// definition of the assertion handler enabled when SQLITECPP_ENABLE_ASSERT_HANDLER is defined in the project (CMakeList.txt)
void assertion_failed(const char* apFile, const long apLine, const char* apFunc, const char* apExpr, const char* apMsg)
{
// Print a message to the standard error output stream, and abort the program.
std::cerr << apFile << ":" << apLine << ":" << " error: assertion failed (" << apExpr << ") in " << apFunc << "() with message \"" << apMsg << "\"\n";
std::abort();
}
}
#endif
/// Get path to this example's directory (including the final separator '/' or '\')
static inline std::string getExamplePath()
{
std::string filePath(__FILE__);
return filePath.substr( 0, filePath.length() - std::string("main.cpp").length());
}
/// Example Database
static const std::string filename_example_db3 = getExamplePath() + "example.db3";
/// Image (SQLite logo as a 12581 bytes PNG file)
static const int sizeof_logo_png = 12581;
static const std::string filename_logo_png = getExamplePath() + "logo.png";
/// Object Oriented Basic example
class Example
{
public:
// Constructor
Example() :
mDb(filename_example_db3), // Open a database file in read-only mode
mQuery(mDb, "SELECT * FROM test WHERE weight > :min_weight")// Compile a SQL query, containing one parameter (index 1)
{
}
virtual ~Example()
{
}
/// List the rows where the "weight" column is greater than the provided aParamValue
void ListGreaterThan(const int aParamValue)
{
std::cout << "ListGreaterThan(" << aParamValue << ")\n";
// Bind the integer value provided to the first parameter of the SQL query
mQuery.bind(":min_weight", aParamValue); // same as mQuery.bind(1, aParamValue);
// Loop to execute the query step by step, to get one a row of results at a time
while (mQuery.executeStep())
{
std::cout << "row (" << mQuery.getColumn(0) << ", \"" << mQuery.getColumn(1) << "\", " << mQuery.getColumn(2) << ")\n";
}
// Reset the query to be able to use it again later
mQuery.reset();
}
private:
SQLite::Database mDb; ///< Database connection
SQLite::Statement mQuery; ///< Database prepared SQL query
};
int main()
{
// Using SQLITE_VERSION would require #include <sqlite3.h> which we want to avoid: use SQLite::VERSION if possible.
// std::cout << "SQlite3 version " << SQLITE_VERSION << std::endl;
std::cout << "SQlite3 version " << SQLite::VERSION << " (" << SQLite::getLibVersion() << ")" << std::endl;
std::cout << "SQliteC++ version " << SQLITECPP_VERSION << std::endl;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Inspect a database via SQLite header information
try
{
const SQLite::Header header = SQLite::Database::getHeaderInfo(filename_example_db3);
// Print values for all header fields
// Official documentation for fields can be found here: https://www.sqlite.org/fileformat.html#the_database_header
std::cout << "Magic header string: " << header.headerStr << std::endl;
std::cout << "Page size bytes: " << header.pageSizeBytes << std::endl;
std::cout << "File format write version: " << (int)header.fileFormatWriteVersion << std::endl;
std::cout << "File format read version: " << (int)header.fileFormatReadVersion << std::endl;
std::cout << "Reserved space bytes: " << (int)header.reservedSpaceBytes << std::endl;
std::cout << "Max embedded payload fraction " << (int)header.maxEmbeddedPayloadFrac << std::endl;
std::cout << "Min embedded payload fraction: " << (int)header.minEmbeddedPayloadFrac << std::endl;
std::cout << "Leaf payload fraction: " << (int)header.leafPayloadFrac << std::endl;
std::cout << "File change counter: " << header.fileChangeCounter << std::endl;
std::cout << "Database size pages: " << header.databaseSizePages << std::endl;
std::cout << "First freelist trunk page: " << header.firstFreelistTrunkPage << std::endl;
std::cout << "Total freelist trunk pages: " << header.totalFreelistPages << std::endl;
std::cout << "Schema cookie: " << header.schemaCookie << std::endl;
std::cout << "Schema format number: " << header.schemaFormatNumber << std::endl;
std::cout << "Default page cache size bytes: " << header.defaultPageCacheSizeBytes << std::endl;
std::cout << "Largest B tree page number: " << header.largestBTreePageNumber << std::endl;
std::cout << "Database text encoding: " << header.databaseTextEncoding << std::endl;
std::cout << "User version: " << header.userVersion << std::endl;
std::cout << "Incremental vaccum mode: " << header.incrementalVaccumMode << std::endl;
std::cout << "Application ID: " << header.applicationId << std::endl;
std::cout << "Version valid for: " << header.versionValidFor << std::endl;
std::cout << "SQLite version: " << header.sqliteVersion << std::endl;
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Very basic first example (1/7) :
try
{
// Open a database file in read-only mode
SQLite::Database db(filename_example_db3); // SQLite::OPEN_READONLY
std::cout << "SQLite database file '" << db.getFilename().c_str() << "' opened successfully\n";
// Test if the 'test' table exists
const bool bExists = db.tableExists("test");
std::cout << "SQLite table 'test' exists=" << bExists << "\n";
// Get a single value result with an easy to use shortcut
const std::string value = db.execAndGet("SELECT value FROM test WHERE id=2");
std::cout << "execAndGet=" << value.c_str() << std::endl;
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Simple select query - few variations (2/7) :
try
{
// Open a database file in read-only mode
SQLite::Database db(filename_example_db3); // SQLite::OPEN_READONLY
std::cout << "SQLite database file '" << db.getFilename().c_str() << "' opened successfully\n";
///// a) Loop to get values of column by index, using auto cast to variable type
// Compile a SQL query, containing one parameter (index 1)
SQLite::Statement query(db, "SELECT id as test_id, value as test_val, weight as test_weight FROM test WHERE weight > ?");
std::cout << "SQLite statement '" << query.getQuery().c_str() << "' compiled (" << query.getColumnCount() << " columns in the result)\n";
// Bind the integer value 2 to the first parameter of the SQL query
query.bind(1, 2);
std::cout << "binded with integer value '2' :\n";
// Loop to execute the query step by step, to get one a row of results at a time
while (query.executeStep())
{
// Demonstrates how to get some typed column value (and the equivalent explicit call)
const int id = query.getColumn(0); // = query.getColumn(0).getInt();
//const char* pvalue = query.getColumn(1); // = query.getColumn(1).getText();
const std::string value = query.getColumn(1); // = query.getColumn(1).getText();
const int bytes = query.getColumn(1).size(); // .getColumn(1).getBytes();
const double weight = query.getColumn(2); // = query.getColumn(2).getInt();
std::cout << "row (" << id << ", \"" << value.c_str() << "\"(" << bytes << ") " << weight << ")\n";
}
///// b) Get aliased column names (and original column names if possible)
// Reset the query to use it again
query.reset();
std::cout << "SQLite statement '" << query.getQuery().c_str() << "' reseted (" << query.getColumnCount() << " columns in the result)\n";
// Show how to get the aliased names of the result columns.
const std::string name0 = query.getColumnName(0);
const std::string name1 = query.getColumnName(1);
const std::string name2 = query.getColumnName(2);
std::cout << "aliased result [\"" << name0.c_str() << "\", \"" << name1.c_str() << "\", \"" << name2.c_str() << "\"]\n";
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA
// Show how to get origin names of the table columns from which theses result columns come from.
// Requires the SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA preprocessor macro to be
// also defined at compile times of the SQLite library itself.
const std::string oname0 = query.getColumnOriginName(0);
const std::string oname1 = query.getColumnOriginName(1);
const std::string oname2 = query.getColumnOriginName(2);
std::cout << "origin table 'test' [\"" << oname0.c_str() << "\", \"" << oname1.c_str() << "\", \"" << oname2.c_str() << "\"]\n";
#endif
// Loop to execute the query step by step, to get one a row of results at a time
while (query.executeStep())
{
// Demonstrates that inserting column value in a std:ostream is natural
std::cout << "row (" << query.getColumn(0) << ", \"" << query.getColumn(1) << "\", " << query.getColumn(2) << ")\n";
}
///// c) Get columns by name
// Reset the query to use it again
query.reset();
std::cout << "SQLite statement '" << query.getQuery().c_str() << "' reseted (" << query.getColumnCount() << " columns in the result)\n";
// Loop to execute the query step by step, to get one a row of results at a time
while (query.executeStep())
{
// Demonstrates how to get column value by aliased name (not the original table names, see above)
const int id = query.getColumn("test_id");
const std::string value = query.getColumn("test_val");
const double weight = query.getColumn("test_weight");
std::cout << "row (" << id << ", \"" << value.c_str() << "\" " << weight << ")\n";
}
///// d) Uses explicit typed getters instead of auto cast operators
// Reset the query to use it again
query.reset();
std::cout << "SQLite statement '" << query.getQuery().c_str() << "' reseted (" << query.getColumnCount () << " columns in the result)\n";
// Bind the string value "6" to the first parameter of the SQL query
query.bind(1, "6");
std::cout << "binded with string value \"6\" :\n";
// Reuses variables: uses assignment operator in the loop instead of constructor with initialization
int id = 0;
std::string value;
double weight = 0.0;
while (query.executeStep())
{
id = query.getColumn(0).getInt();
value = query.getColumn(1).getText();
weight = query.getColumn(2).getInt();
std::cout << "row (" << id << ", \"" << value << "\", " << weight << ")\n";
}
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Object Oriented Basic example (3/7) :
try
{
// Open the database and compile the query
Example example;
// Demonstrates the way to use the same query with different parameter values
example.ListGreaterThan(8);
example.ListGreaterThan(6);
example.ListGreaterThan(2);
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
// The execAndGet wrapper example (4/7) :
try
{
// Open a database file in read-only mode
SQLite::Database db(filename_example_db3); // SQLite::OPEN_READONLY
std::cout << "SQLite database file '" << db.getFilename().c_str() << "' opened successfully\n";
// WARNING: Be very careful with this dangerous method: you have to
// make a COPY OF THE result, else it will be destroy before the next line
// (when the underlying temporary Statement and Column objects are destroyed)
std::string value = db.execAndGet("SELECT value FROM test WHERE id=2");
std::cout << "execAndGet=" << value.c_str() << std::endl;
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Simple batch queries example (5/7) :
try
{
// Open a database file in create/write mode
SQLite::Database db("test.db3", SQLite::OPEN_READWRITE|SQLite::OPEN_CREATE);
std::cout << "SQLite database file '" << db.getFilename().c_str() << "' opened successfully\n";
// Create a new table with an explicit "id" column aliasing the underlying rowid
db.exec("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test");
db.exec("CREATE TABLE test (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)");
// first row
int nb = db.exec("INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"test\")");
std::cout << "INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"test\")\", returned " << nb << std::endl;
// second row
nb = db.exec("INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"second\")");
std::cout << "INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"second\")\", returned " << nb << std::endl;
// update the second row
nb = db.exec("UPDATE test SET value=\"second-updated\" WHERE id='2'");
std::cout << "UPDATE test SET value=\"second-updated\" WHERE id='2', returned " << nb << std::endl;
nb = db.getTotalChanges();
std::cout << "Nb of total changes since connection: " << nb << std::endl;
// Check the results : expect two row of result
SQLite::Statement query(db, "SELECT * FROM test");
std::cout << "SELECT * FROM test :\n";
while (query.executeStep())
{
std::cout << "row (" << query.getColumn(0) << ", \"" << query.getColumn(1) << "\")\n";
}
db.exec("DROP TABLE test");
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
remove("test.db3");
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// RAII transaction example (6/7) :
try
{
// Open a database file in create/write mode
SQLite::Database db("transaction.db3", SQLite::OPEN_READWRITE|SQLite::OPEN_CREATE);
std::cout << "SQLite database file '" << db.getFilename().c_str() << "' opened successfully\n";
db.exec("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test");
// Exemple of a successful transaction :
try
{
// Begin transaction
SQLite::Transaction transaction(db);
db.exec("CREATE TABLE test (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)");
int nb = db.exec("INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"test\")");
std::cout << "INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"test\")\", returned " << nb << std::endl;
// Commit transaction
transaction.commit();
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
// Exemple of a rollbacked transaction :
try
{
// Begin transaction
SQLite::Transaction transaction(db);
int nb = db.exec("INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"second\")");
std::cout << "INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, \"second\")\", returned " << nb << std::endl;
nb = db.exec("INSERT INTO test ObviousError");
std::cout << "INSERT INTO test \"error\", returned " << nb << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // we should never get there : exit the example program
// Commit transaction
transaction.commit();
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
// expected error, see above
}
// Check the results (expect only one row of result, as the second one has been rollbacked by the error)
SQLite::Statement query(db, "SELECT * FROM test");
std::cout << "SELECT * FROM test :\n";
while (query.executeStep())
{
std::cout << "row (" << query.getColumn(0) << ", \"" << query.getColumn(1) << "\")\n";
}
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
remove("transaction.db3");
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Binary blob and in-memory database example (7/7) :
try
{
// Open a database file in create/write mode
SQLite::Database db(":memory:", SQLite::OPEN_READWRITE|SQLite::OPEN_CREATE);
std::cout << "SQLite database file '" << db.getFilename().c_str() << "' opened successfully\n";
db.exec("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test");
db.exec("CREATE TABLE test (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, value BLOB)");
// A) insert the logo.png image into the db as a blob
FILE* fp = fopen(filename_logo_png.c_str(), "rb");
if (NULL != fp)
{
char buffer[16*1024];
static_assert(sizeof(buffer) > sizeof_logo_png, "Buffer is smaller than the size of the file to read");
void* blob = &buffer;
const int size = static_cast<int>(fread(blob, 1, 16*1024, fp));
buffer[size] = '\0';
SQLITECPP_ASSERT(size == sizeof_logo_png, "unexpected fread return value"); // See SQLITECPP_ENABLE_ASSERT_HANDLER
fclose(fp);
std::cout << filename_logo_png << " file size=" << size << " bytes\n";
// Insert query
SQLite::Statement query(db, "INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, ?)");
// Bind the blob value to the first parameter of the SQL query
query.bind(1, blob, size);
std::cout << "blob binded successfully\n";
// Execute the one-step query to insert the blob
int nb = query.exec();
std::cout << "INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, ?)\", returned " << nb << std::endl;
}
else
{
std::cout << "file " << filename_logo_png << " not found !\n";
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
// B) select the blob from the db and write it to disk into a "out.png" image file
fp = fopen("out.png", "wb");
if (NULL != fp)
{
SQLite::Statement query(db, "SELECT * FROM test");
std::cout << "SELECT * FROM test :\n";
if (query.executeStep())
{
SQLite::Column colBlob = query.getColumn(1);
const void* const blob = colBlob.getBlob();
const size_t size = colBlob.getBytes();
std::cout << "row (" << query.getColumn(0) << ", size=" << size << " bytes)\n";
size_t sizew = fwrite(blob, 1, size, fp);
SQLITECPP_ASSERT(sizew == size, "fwrite failed"); // See SQLITECPP_ENABLE_ASSERT_HANDLER
fclose(fp);
}
// NOTE: here the blob is still held in memory, until the Statement is finalized at the end of the scope
}
else
{
std::cout << "file out.png not created !\n";
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
remove("out.png");
#if (__cplusplus >= 201402L) || ( defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1900) ) // c++14: Visual Studio 2015
// example with C++14 variadic bind
try
{
// Open a database file in create/write mode
SQLite::Database db(":memory:", SQLite::OPEN_READWRITE|SQLite::OPEN_CREATE);
db.exec("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test");
db.exec("CREATE TABLE test (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)");
{
SQLite::Statement query(db, "INSERT INTO test VALUES (?, ?)");
SQLite::bind(query, 42, "fortytwo");
// Execute the one-step query to insert the blob
int nb = query.exec();
std::cout << "INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, ?)\", returned " << nb << std::endl;
}
SQLite::Statement query(db, "SELECT * FROM test");
std::cout << "SELECT * FROM test :\n";
if (query.executeStep())
{
std::cout << query.getColumn(0).getInt() << "\t\"" << query.getColumn(1).getText() << "\"\n";
}
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
std::cout << "SQLite exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE; // unexpected error : exit the example program
}
#endif
std::cout << "everything ok, quitting\n";
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}