<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Deferred Operations</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../boostbook.css" type="text/css"> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"> <link rel="home" href="../../../index.html" title="Asio"> <link rel="up" href="../composition.html" title="Composition and Completion Tokens"> <link rel="prev" href="coro.html" title="Resumable C++ 20 Coroutines"> <link rel="next" href="promises.html" title="Promises"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> </head> <body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"> <table cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr><td valign="top"><img alt="asio C++ library" width="250" height="60" src="../../../asio.png"></td></tr></table> <hr> <div class="spirit-nav"> <a accesskey="p" href="coro.html"><img src="../../../prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../composition.html"><img src="../../../up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../../../index.html"><img src="../../../home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="promises.html"><img src="../../../next.png" alt="Next"></a> </div> <div class="section"> <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> <a name="asio.overview.composition.deferred"></a><a class="link" href="deferred.html" title="Deferred Operations">Deferred Operations</a> </h4></div></div></div> <p> The <a class="link" href="../../reference/deferred.html" title="deferred"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">deferred</span></code></a>, completion token takes a call to an asynchronous operation's initiating function and turns it into a function object that accepts a completion token. For example: </p> <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">deferred_op</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">timer</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">async_wait</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">deferred</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">move</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">deferred_op</span><span class="special">)(</span> <span class="special">[](</span><span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">error_code</span> <span class="identifier">ec</span><span class="special">){</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="special">});</span> </pre> <p> or: </p> <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">deferred_op</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">timer</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">async_wait</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">deferred</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">future</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">move</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">deferred_op</span><span class="special">)(</span> <span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">use_future</span><span class="special">);</span> </pre> <p> The deferred token also supports chaining, to create simple compositions: </p> <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">auto</span> <span class="identifier">deferred_op</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">timer</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">async_wait</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">deferred</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="special">[&](</span><span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">error_code</span> <span class="identifier">ec</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="identifier">timer</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">expires_after</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">chrono</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">seconds</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="special">));</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">timer</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">async_wait</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">deferred</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="special">});</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">future</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">move</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">deferred_op</span><span class="special">)(</span><span class="identifier">asio</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">use_future</span><span class="special">);</span> </pre> <h6> <a name="asio.overview.composition.deferred.h0"></a> <span><a name="asio.overview.composition.deferred.see_also"></a></span><a class="link" href="deferred.html#asio.overview.composition.deferred.see_also">See Also</a> </h6> <p> <a class="link" href="../../reference/deferred.html" title="deferred">deferred</a>, <a class="link" href="../../reference/deferred_t.html" title="deferred_t">deferred_t</a>, <a class="link" href="../../examples/cpp14_examples.html#asio.examples.cpp14_examples.deferred">Deferred examples (C++11)</a>, <a class="link" href="../../examples/cpp14_examples.html#asio.examples.cpp14_examples.deferred">Deferred examples (C++14)</a>. </p> </div> <div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2003-2023 Christopher M. Kohlhoff<p> Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>) </p> </div> <hr> <div class="spirit-nav"> <a accesskey="p" href="coro.html"><img src="../../../prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../composition.html"><img src="../../../up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../../../index.html"><img src="../../../home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="promises.html"><img src="../../../next.png" alt="Next"></a> </div> </body> </html>